Clinical Psychology Unit, Leiden University, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
Clinical Psychology Unit, Leiden University, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019 May;103:266-275. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.030. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Altered processing of emotional faces due to childhood maltreatment has repeatedly been reported, and may be a key process underlying the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment. The current study is the first to examine the role of neural reactivity to emotional and neutral faces in the transmission of maltreatment, using a multi-generational family design including 171 participants of 51 families of two generations with a large age range (8-69 years). The impact of experienced and perpetrated maltreatment (abuse and neglect) on face processing was examined in association with activation in the amygdala, hippocampus, inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and insula in response to angry, fearful, happy and neutral faces. Results showed enhanced bilateral amygdala activation in response to fearful faces in older neglected individuals, whereas reduced amygdala activation was found in response to these faces in younger neglected individuals. Furthermore, while experienced abuse was associated with lower IFG activation in younger individuals, experience of neglect was associated with higher IFG activation in this age group, pointing to potentially differential effects of abuse and neglect and significant age effects. Perpetrated abusive and neglectful behavior were not related to neural activation in any of these regions. Hence, no indications for a role of neural reactivity to emotional faces in the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment were found.
由于童年期虐待而导致的情绪面孔处理的改变已被反复报道，并且可能是虐待代际传递的关键过程。本研究首次使用包括两代 51 个家庭的多代家庭设计，利用包含 171 名参与者的大型年龄范围（8-69 岁）来检验神经对情绪和中性面孔反应能力在虐待传递中的作用。研究考察了经历和实施的虐待（虐待和忽视）对愤怒、恐惧、快乐和中性面孔的杏仁核、海马体、下额前回（IFG）和脑岛反应的影响。结果表明，在年老的被忽视者中，双侧杏仁核对恐惧面孔的反应增强，而在年轻的被忽视者中，对这些面孔的杏仁核反应则减弱。此外，在年轻人中，经历虐待与 IFG 激活降低有关，而在该年龄组中，经历忽视与 IFG 激活升高有关，这表明虐待和忽视的影响可能存在差异，且存在显著的年龄效应。实施的虐待和忽视行为与这些区域的任何神经激活均无关。因此，未发现神经对面孔情绪反应在虐待代际传递中的作用的迹象。
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