Gholamalizadeh R, Vahdat A, Hossein-Nia S V, Elahinia A, Bananej K
Plant Virus Research Department, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute (PPDRI), 19395-1454, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Guilan University, P.O. Box 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran.
Plant Dis. 2008 Jul;92(7):1135. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1135C.
A survey was conducted in 2005 and 2006 in the major cucurbit-growing areas in Guilan Province (northern Iran). Leaf samples were collected from plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.) (n = 119) and squash (Cucurbita sp.) (n = 150) showing various virus-like symptoms (mosaic, yellowing, chlorotic spot, and irregular ring spot) on leaves. All samples collected from 16 different regions were screened for the presence of 10 cucurbit viruses by double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA using polyclonal antibodies provided by H. Lecoq (INRA, Avignon, France) and V. Lisa (CNR, Torino, Italy). Virus-free cucurbits (melon, squash, and cucumber) grown in insect-proof cages were used as negative controls. Positive and negative controls were included in all tests. Ourmia melon virus (OuMV, genus Ourmiavirus) was the most prevalent virus in melon and was detected in 59% of the samples. OuMV was also detected in 20 of 150 (13%) squash samples. OuMV was detected in 4 of the 16 areas surveyed (Rasht, Somehsara, Masal, and Rood-Bar). The identification of OuMV was confirmed through differential host range reaction. Crude sap from symptomatic leaves was used to inoculate Chenopodium quinoa and Gomphrena globosa as local lesion hosts. Squash, melon, and cucumber were subsequently inoculated by using a single local lesion. Typical yellowing and chlorotic spot symptoms were observed after 40 to 45 days on melon and squash and leaf curling was observed on Nicotiana rustica. The OuMV presence in these symptomatic test plants was confirmed by DAS-ELISA and the tests were negative with Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) antisera. No symptoms were observed on Datura stramonium, Capsicum annum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, and Beta vulgaris, and OuMV was not detected by DAS-ELISA in these plants. Although showing no symptoms, OuMV-inoculated Vicia faba plants reacted positively in DAS-ELISA. The number of multiple infections of OuMV with other common cucurbit viruses was relatively high (46%), most frequently with ZYMV and CABYV. Since the first report of OuMV from melon in Azerbaijan-E-Gharbi Province, western Iran (1), there has been no report of OuMV occurrence in any other region of Iran or any other country in the world, and the sequence of OuMV remains to be determined. Our results show that OuMV is naturally spreading into other regions of Iran. Reference: (1) V. Lisa et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 112:291, 1988.
2005年和2006年，在伊朗北部吉兰省的主要葫芦种植区进行了一项调查。从甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）（n = 119）和南瓜（Cucurbita sp.）（n = 150）植株上采集叶片样本，这些植株的叶片呈现出各种类病毒症状（花叶、黄化、褪绿斑点和不规则环斑）。从16个不同地区采集的所有样本，使用由H. Lecoq（法国阿维尼翁国家农业研究院）和V. Lisa（意大利都灵国家研究委员会）提供的多克隆抗体，通过双抗体夹心（DAS）-ELISA法对10种葫芦病毒进行筛查。在防虫笼中种植的无病毒葫芦（甜瓜、南瓜和黄瓜）用作阴性对照。所有检测均设置了阳性和阴性对照。奥米亚甜瓜病毒（OuMV，奥米亚病毒属）是甜瓜中最普遍的病毒，在59%的样本中被检测到。在150个南瓜样本中的20个（13%）也检测到了OuMV。在所调查的16个地区中的4个（拉什特、索梅沙拉、马萨尔和罗德巴尔）检测到了OuMV。通过鉴别寄主范围反应确认了OuMV的鉴定。用有症状叶片的粗汁液接种藜麦和千日红作为局部病斑寄主。随后用单个局部病斑接种南瓜、甜瓜和黄瓜。40至45天后，在甜瓜和南瓜上观察到典型的黄化和褪绿斑点症状，在黄花烟草上观察到叶片卷曲。通过DAS-ELISA法确认了这些有症状试验植物中存在OuMV，并且用葫芦蚜传黄化病毒（CABYV）和小西葫芦黄花叶病毒（ZYMV）抗血清检测呈阴性。在曼陀罗、辣椒、菜豆、豌豆、萝卜和甜菜上未观察到症状，并且通过DAS-ELISA法在这些植物中未检测到OuMV。尽管接种OuMV的蚕豆植株没有症状，但在DAS-ELISA中反应呈阳性。OuMV与其他常见葫芦病毒的多重感染数量相对较高（46%），最常见的是与ZYMV和CABYV。自从在伊朗西部阿塞拜疆-加比省首次报道甜瓜中的OuMV（1）以来，伊朗的任何其他地区或世界上任何其他国家都没有关于OuMV发生的报道，并且OuMV的序列仍有待确定。我们的结果表明OuMV正在自然传播到伊朗的其他地区。参考文献：（1）V. Lisa等人，《应用生物学年报》112:291，1988年。
