Circulation. 2019 Mar 19;139(12):e553-e578. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000598.
Sensitization, defined as the presence of circulating antibodies, presents challenges for heart transplant recipients and physicians. When present, sensitization can limit a transplantation candidate's access to organs, prolong wait time, and, in some cases, exclude the candidate from heart transplantation altogether. The management of sensitization is not yet standardized, and current therapies have not yielded consistent results. Although current strategies involve antibody suppression and removal with intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and antibody therapy, newer strategies with more specific targets are being investigated.
致敏，定义为循环抗体的存在，给心脏移植受者和医生带来了挑战。存在致敏时，会限制移植候选者获得器官的机会，延长等待时间，在某些情况下，甚至使候选者完全无法进行心脏移植。致敏的管理尚未标准化，目前的治疗方法也没有产生一致的结果。尽管目前的策略包括使用静脉注射免疫球蛋白、血浆置换和抗体治疗来抑制和清除抗体，但正在研究更具针对性的新策略。
