2010年至2015年期间，巴西八个联邦单位出生第一天的死亡率：趋势、死亡原因及可避免性
Mortality on the first day of life: trends, causes of death and avoidability in eight Brazilian Federative Units, between 2010 and 2015.
作者信息
Teixeira João Alexandre Mendes, Araujo Waleska Regina Machado, Maranhão Ana Goretti Kalume, Cortez-Escalante Juan José, Rezende Leandro Fórnias Machado de, Matijasevich Alicia
机构信息
Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2019 Feb 18;28(1):e2018132. doi: 10.5123/S1679-49742019000100006.
OBJECTIVE
to calculate mortality rates on the first day of life from 2010 to 2015 in eight Brazilian Federative Units providing better quality information, to assess associated factors and to classify deaths by underlying causes and avoidability.
METHODS
this was a descriptive study; mortality rates were compared according to maternal and child characteristics; avoidability analysis used the 'Brazilian list of avoidable causes of death'.
RESULTS
21.6% (n=20,791) of all infant deaths occurred on the first day of life; the mortality rate reduced from 2.7 to 2.3 deaths/1,000 live births; rates were higher in live births with low birthweight and preterm births, and among babies born to mothers with no schooling; main causes of death were respiratory distress syndrome (8.9%) and extreme immaturity (5.2%); 66.3% of causes of death were avoidable.
CONCLUSION
2/3 of deaths on the first day of life could have been avoided with adequate care for women during pregnancy and delivery and adequate care for live births.
目的
计算2010年至2015年巴西八个提供更优质信息的联邦单位出生第一天的死亡率，评估相关因素，并按根本原因和可避免性对死亡进行分类。
方法
这是一项描述性研究；根据母婴特征比较死亡率；可避免性分析采用“巴西可避免死亡原因清单”。
结果
所有婴儿死亡中有21.6%（n = 20,791）发生在出生第一天；死亡率从每1000例活产2.7例降至2.3例；低出生体重和早产的活产婴儿以及母亲未受过教育的婴儿死亡率较高；主要死亡原因是呼吸窘迫综合征（8.9%）和极度不成熟（5.2%）；66.3%的死亡原因是可避免的。
结论
如果在孕期和分娩期间对妇女给予充分护理，并对活产婴儿给予充分护理，出生第一天2/3的死亡是可以避免的。
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