卡介苗相关并发症：一项单中心前瞻性观察性研究。
BCG related complications: A single center, prospective observational study.
作者信息
Alfawaz Tariq S, Alshehri Mohammed, Alshahrani Dayel
机构信息
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Section, Children Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2015 Jun;2(2):75-78. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2015.05.004. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Although the BCG vaccine is usually a safe vaccine, a number of complications can occur, such as adverse local reactions, regional lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis and disseminated infection in immunocompromised children, with lymphadenitis being the most common complication. Our objective to describe the associated clinical characteristics and outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a prospective observational study conducted over two year's period.
RESULTS
100 patients were enrolled with (62%) males and (38%) females. 93 cases (93%) have nodes involvement with a total of 103 nodes was reported as follow: Axillary, supraclavicle, cervical with number of 75(72.8%), 23(22.3%), 5(4.9%) respectively. (55.3%) resulted in suppuration, and (44.7%) with non-suppuration. Only 3 cases (3%) had severe disease with dissemination, (88.3%) had small size nodes (< 3 cm), and (11.7%) with large size nodes (>3 cm). (88%) had self-limited disease, and node disappears between (8-168 weeks).
CONCLUSION
In the Majority of BCG related lymphadenitis is a benign condition with spontaneous healing. Also there is Increase incidence of association between BCG vaccine and serious disseminated infections in immunodeficiency cases.
背景与目的
尽管卡介苗通常是一种安全的疫苗，但仍可能发生一些并发症，如局部不良反应、区域淋巴结炎、骨髓炎以及免疫功能低下儿童的播散性感染，其中淋巴结炎是最常见的并发症。我们的目的是描述其相关的临床特征及转归。
材料与方法
这是一项为期两年的前瞻性观察性研究。
结果
共纳入100例患者，其中男性占62%，女性占38%。93例（93%）有淋巴结受累，共报告103个淋巴结，分布如下：腋窝淋巴结75个（72.8%）、锁骨上淋巴结23个（22.3%）、颈部淋巴结5个（4.9%）。55.3%发生化脓，44.7%未化脓。仅3例（3%）病情严重并播散，88.3%的淋巴结较小（<3 cm），11.7%的淋巴结较大（>3 cm）。88%的病情为自限性，淋巴结在8至168周内消失。
结论
大多数卡介苗相关淋巴结炎是一种良性疾病，可自发愈合。此外，在免疫缺陷病例中，卡介苗与严重播散性感染的关联发生率有所增加。
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