Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Max Planck Research Group Naturalistic Social Cognition, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520-8205, USA.
Appetite. 2019 Jul 1;138:127-135. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.02.013. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
Learning what to eat is a critical problem that humans must solve over the course of ontogeny. Recent research underscores the importance of social learning processes to the development of food preferences in infancy and early childhood, but research investigating how (and whether) learned edibility information is generalized remains inconclusive. Here we investigate whether 18-month-olds generalize socially learned information about plant edibility. Across two experiments, infants watched an adult eat fruit from one type of plant and then were presented with a choice between two new plants: one was the same type of plant the adult had eaten from, and the other was a different type of plant. Infants' reaching and eating behavior was assessed during the choice phase. The results showed that 18-month-olds generalize edibility to the same type of plant. These findings provide new insights into the nature of human food learning processes early in development.
学习吃什么是人类在个体发育过程中必须解决的一个关键问题。最近的研究强调了社会学习过程对婴儿期和幼儿期食物偏好发展的重要性，但研究如何（以及是否）将习得的可食用性信息推广开来仍未有定论。在这里，我们研究了 18 个月大的婴儿是否会将关于植物可食用性的社会学习信息推广开来。在两个实验中，婴儿观看一个成年人从一种植物中吃水果，然后在两种新植物之间做出选择：一种是成年人吃过的同一种植物，另一种是不同的植物。在选择阶段，评估婴儿的伸手和进食行为。结果表明，18 个月大的婴儿会将可食用性推广到同一种植物上。这些发现为人类在早期发展过程中的食物学习过程的本质提供了新的见解。
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