Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease- Resistance Nutrition, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2019;20(7):644-651. doi: 10.2174/1389203720666190305163135.
Branched chain amino acids are the essential nutrients for humans and many animals. As functional amino acids, they play important roles in physiological functions, including immune functions. Isoleucine, as one of the branched chain amino acids, is also critical in physiological functions of the whole body, such as growth, immunity, protein metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and glucose transportation. Isoleucine can improve the immune system, including immune organs, cells and reactive substances. Recent studies have also shown that isoleucine may induce the expression of host defense peptides (i.e., β-defensins) that can regulate host innate and adaptive immunity. In addition, isoleucine administration can restore the effect of some pathogens on the health of humans and animals via increasing the expression of β-defensins. Therefore, the present review will emphatically discuss the effect of isoleucine on immunity while summarizing the relationship between branched chain amino acids and immune functions.
支链氨基酸是人类和许多动物的必需营养物质。作为功能氨基酸，它们在生理功能中发挥着重要作用，包括免疫功能。异亮氨酸作为支链氨基酸之一，在全身的生理功能中也至关重要，如生长、免疫、蛋白质代谢、脂肪酸代谢和葡萄糖转运。异亮氨酸可以改善免疫系统，包括免疫器官、细胞和反应物质。最近的研究还表明，异亮氨酸可以通过诱导宿主防御肽（即β-防御素）的表达来调节宿主先天和适应性免疫。此外，异亮氨酸的给药可以通过增加β-防御素的表达来恢复某些病原体对人类和动物健康的影响。因此，本综述将着重讨论异亮氨酸对免疫的影响，同时总结支链氨基酸与免疫功能的关系。
