Meng Xianze, Wang Yongli, Li Xin, Chen Xue, Lv Dongjun, Xie Chuang, Yin Qiuxiang, Zhang Xuling, Hao Hongxun
National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019 Mar 6;9(3):379. doi: 10.3390/nano9030379.
In this work, the effect of confined space on crystallization processes of pigments was investigated by using C.I. Pigment Red 146 (PR 146) as a model compound. The colloidal system (i.e., emulsion droplets) was used as a nanoreactor to prepare nanoscale PR 146 for the inkjet printer. The effects of the space confinement were investigated by comparing the products of PR 146 prepared from bulk solution, macroemulsion, and miniemulsion. The results showed that PR 146 crystallized in mini-emulsion had the narrowest particle size distribution and the average particle size can be as small as 172.5 nm, one order of magnitude smaller than the one obtained from the bulk solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data revealed that PR 146 crystallized in all three solutions where the crystalline state and had similar crystallite sizes. The process mechanism of crystallization confined in the miniemulsion droplets was proposed and explained. The function mechanism of the co-stabilizer during the crystallization of PR 146 in emulsion was also explained. It was found that sodium chloride could counteract the pressure difference as an osmotic pressure agent and prevent the migrating of water from small droplets into big droplets. The influences of dosages of emulsifiers and co-stabilizers on droplet size and the size of the obtained PR 146 particles were evaluated and the optimal conditions were determined. Furthermore, the disparity of PR 146 products prepared by different methods was investigated by UV⁻Vis spectra. The aqueous dispersion of PR 146 crystallized in miniemulsion had the highest absorbance and darkest color.
在本研究中，以C.I. 颜料红146（PR 146）为模型化合物，研究了受限空间对颜料结晶过程的影响。将胶体体系（即乳液滴）用作纳米反应器，制备用于喷墨打印机的纳米级PR 146。通过比较由本体溶液、宏观乳液和微乳液制备的PR 146产物，研究了空间限制的影响。结果表明，在微乳液中结晶的PR 146粒径分布最窄，平均粒径可小至172.5 nm，比从本体溶液中获得的粒径小一个数量级。X射线衍射（XRD）数据表明，PR 146在所有三种溶液中结晶，其晶态和微晶尺寸相似。提出并解释了微乳液滴内结晶的过程机理。还解释了助稳定剂在PR 146乳液结晶过程中的作用机理。发现氯化钠可作为渗透压剂抵消压力差，并防止水从小液滴迁移到大液滴中。评估了乳化剂和助稳定剂用量对液滴尺寸和所得PR 146颗粒尺寸的影响，并确定了最佳条件。此外，通过紫外可见光谱研究了不同方法制备的PR 146产物的差异。在微乳液中结晶的PR 146水分散体具有最高的吸光度和最深的颜色。
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