Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition. 2019 Jun;62:52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.029. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between household food insecurity and the risk of being underweight, stunting, and wasting in children and adolescents.
Pertinent studies were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to June 2018. A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria to be included in the pooled analysis. The risk ratio of 55 173 individuals from 12 different countries were pooled in these studies for our meta-analysis.
It was found that food insecurity increased the risk of stunting (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.25) and underweight (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.36) but not of wasting (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.96-1.12). Subgroup analysis by age indicated that food insecurity increased the risk of stunting (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02-1.39) and underweight (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.02-1.77) in children older than 5 y. This association was significant just for stunting risk (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05-1.23) in children younger than 5 y. Furthermore, among children and adolescents, risk of stunting or being underweight increased by the intensification of the level of food insecurity in food-insecure households. Furthermore, subgroup analysis by country development levels showed that children and adolescents living in developing countries had higher risk of stunting (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.27).
Household food insecurity appears to be associated with higher risk of stunting and being underweight among children and adolescents. In addition, the intensification of the level of food insecurity and the increased age of children may increase the risk of stunting or being underweight in food-insecure households. Also, the level of economic development is an important factor in the effects of food insecurity on risk of stunting.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在研究家庭食物不安全与儿童和青少年体重不足、发育迟缓、消瘦风险之间的关系。
通过检索 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus 数据库，我们于 2018 年 6 月前确定了相关研究。共有 21 项研究符合纳入标准，纳入了荟萃分析。我们对来自 12 个不同国家的 55173 人的风险比进行了荟萃分析。
研究发现，食物不安全增加了发育迟缓（优势比 [OR] = 1.17；95%置信区间 [CI]：1.09-1.25）和体重不足（OR = 1.17；95% CI：1.01-1.36）的风险，但不增加消瘦（OR = 1.04；95% CI：0.96-1.12）的风险。按年龄的亚组分析表明，5 岁以上儿童的食物不安全增加了发育迟缓（OR = 1.20；95% CI：1.02-1.39）和体重不足（OR = 1.34；95% CI：1.02-1.77）的风险。这一关联在 5 岁以下儿童中仅对发育迟缓风险有意义（OR = 1.14；95% CI：1.05-1.23）。此外，在儿童和青少年中，随着食物不安全家庭食物不安全程度的加剧，发育迟缓或体重不足的风险增加。此外，按国家发展水平的亚组分析表明，生活在发展中国家的儿童和青少年发育迟缓的风险更高（OR = 1.16；95% CI：1.05-1.27）。
家庭食物不安全似乎与儿童和青少年发育迟缓或体重不足的风险增加有关。此外，食物不安全程度的加剧和儿童年龄的增长可能会增加食物不安全家庭中发育迟缓或体重不足的风险。此外，经济发展水平是食物不安全对发育迟缓风险影响的一个重要因素。
