Anselmo da Costa Inês, Stenzl Arnulf, Bedke Jens
Department of Urology. Eberhard Karls University Tübingen. Germany.
Arch Esp Urol. 2019 Mar;72(2):211-222.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer. Although systemic chemotherapeutic agents, such as cabazitaxel, abiraterone and enzalutamde have become available to patients over the last decade, metastatic PCa is still an incurable disease. Immunotherapy is showing great promise in a wide range of other cancer types. To this day, the only immunotherapy approved by the FDA for PCa is the Sipuleucel-T vaccine, which showed significant clinical efficacy. Multiple clinical studies on immunotherapy in PCa are currently underway.
Recent clinical trials have shown promising results in immunotherapeutic in treatment for PCa. The authors review previous clinical trials, as well as discuss and emphasize important emerging immunotherapies for PCa.
Review of the published evidence related to immunotherapy in PCa. PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov databases were used to search for English papers and clinical trials.
Multiple clinical trials are testing different immunotherapeuticagents, as well as combinations thereof. The low grade of toxicity associated with these immunotherapies is an appealing advantage for patients, leading to an increased appreciation of theses types of treatments. Until now, only one clinical trial led to a new immunotherapeutic agent to be FDA approved. Importantphase II/III clinical trials are being conducted, and in the near future the concept of PCa treatment might be re-challenged.
Many trials are ongoing to determine the effects of immunotherapy in PCa. These studies may harvest important confirmatory data in the next years, with the potential to reshape PCa treatment.
前列腺癌（PCa）是第二大常见癌症。尽管在过去十年中，卡巴他赛、阿比特龙和恩杂鲁胺等全身化疗药物已可供患者使用，但转移性PCa仍然是一种无法治愈的疾病。免疫疗法在多种其他癌症类型中显示出巨大潜力。迄今为止，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的唯一用于PCa的免疫疗法是西妥昔单抗疫苗，该疫苗显示出显著的临床疗效。目前正在进行多项关于PCa免疫疗法的临床研究。
近期临床试验显示免疫疗法在PCa治疗中取得了有前景的结果。作者回顾了先前的临床试验，并讨论和强调了PCa重要的新兴免疫疗法。
回顾与PCa免疫疗法相关的已发表证据。使用PubMed和clinicaltrials.gov数据库搜索英文论文和临床试验。
多项临床试验正在测试不同的免疫治疗药物及其组合。这些免疫疗法的低毒性对患者来说是一个有吸引力的优势，从而使人们对这类治疗的认可度提高。到目前为止，只有一项临床试验导致一种新的免疫治疗药物获得FDA批准。重要的II/III期临床试验正在进行，在不久的将来，PCa治疗的概念可能会再次受到挑战。
许多试验正在进行，以确定免疫疗法在PCa中的效果。这些研究可能在未来几年获得重要的确证数据，有可能重塑PCa的治疗方式。
