墨西哥南部一个农村社区的研究经验：阿苯达唑治疗后胃肠道寄生虫传播和再感染的相关危险因素。
Lessons from a study in a rural community from southern Mexico: risk factors associated to transmission and reinfection of gastrointestinal parasites after albendazole treatment.
作者信息
Rodríguez-Pérez Mario A, Pérez-Vega Juan Antonio, Cen-Aguilar José Francisco, Rodríguez-Canul Rossanna
机构信息
Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad Reynosa, Tamaulipas,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad Mérida, Mérida Yucatán.
出版信息
Res Rep Trop Med. 2011 Dec 12;2:147-153. doi: 10.2147/RRTM.S26039. eCollection 2011.
PURPOSE
To determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and evaluate the effect of a single dose of treatment with albendazole in a sentinel group from a rural community in southern Mexico.
METHODS
Stool samples were collected from 1456 individuals aged ≥1 year during consecutive days, and examined for helminth infection using the modified Stoll dilution method. Additionally, 104 individuals were treated with a single dose of albendazole and evaluated over 21 weeks to assess reinfection. Questionnaires were administered to obtain individual and household-level data pertaining to behavior, demography, and socioeconomic status. Risk factors for reinfection after albendazole administration were determined using multiple logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS
The prevalence of was 73.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 71.56%-76.14%). Albendazole was 100% effective, but eggs began to be detected by 9-12 weeks posttreatment, increasing to 100% after 21 weeks. Logistic regression analysis revealed that all individuals from this study had a probability of reinfection of 1.65× each week after treatment. The prevalence of was 57.2% (95% CI = 54.62%-59.77%) and chemotherapy was 34.7% effective. The prevalence for other minor gastrointestinal parasites ranged from 0.2% to 29.7%.
CONCLUSION
This was a comprehensive study on gastrointestinal parasites in a rural community from southern Mexico and, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the first time that the effect of albendazole has been evaluated for a period of over 21 weeks following its administration. Risk factors associated with parasite transmission were linked to poverty and lack of hygiene, such as, defecating in open places, living customs (drinking piped water and/or from a well), and absence of knowledge about transmission life cycle of the parasites. Studies of this kind should be linked to health education and improvement of access to clean water and adequate sanitation to consolidate morbidity control and enhance sustainability.
目的
确定墨西哥南部一个农村社区哨点人群中胃肠道寄生虫的流行情况，并评估单剂量阿苯达唑治疗的效果。
方法
连续数日从1456名年龄≥1岁的个体中采集粪便样本，采用改良的司徒尔稀释法检测蠕虫感染情况。此外，104名个体接受单剂量阿苯达唑治疗，并在21周内进行评估以评估再感染情况。通过问卷调查获取有关行为、人口统计学和社会经济地位的个人及家庭层面数据。使用多重逻辑回归分析确定阿苯达唑给药后再感染的危险因素。
结果
[此处原文缺失寄生虫名称]的流行率为73.9%（95%置信区间[CI]=71.56%-76.14%）。阿苯达唑的有效性为100%，但治疗后9至12周开始检测到虫卵，21周后增至100%。逻辑回归分析显示，本研究中的所有个体治疗后每周再感染的概率为1.65倍。[此处原文缺失寄生虫名称]的流行率为57.2%（95%CI=54.62%-59.77%），化疗有效性为34.7%。其他次要胃肠道寄生虫的流行率在0.2%至29.7%之间。
结论
这是一项关于墨西哥南部农村社区胃肠道寄生虫的综合研究，据作者所知，这是首次在阿苯达唑给药后21周以上的时间内评估其效果。与寄生虫传播相关的危险因素与贫困和缺乏卫生习惯有关，例如在露天排便、生活习惯（饮用管道水和/或井水）以及对寄生虫传播生命周期缺乏了解。此类研究应与健康教育以及改善清洁水供应和适当卫生设施的获取相联系，以巩固发病率控制并增强可持续性。
Zotero 插件