Modeling therapy resistance via the EGFR signaling pathway.

Mutations in KRAS are often associated with resistance to EGFR-targeting antibody therapy. Using comprehensive systems analyses, GNB5 has been identified as a potential target to overcome therapy resistance targeting the EGFR signaling pathways, whereby the AKT signaling pathway (PI3K) rather than the ERK signaling pathway (RAS) might be dominantly affected. Personalized mathematical modeling and simulations of this signaling pathway/network and respective perturbations are of great utility to customize therapy for patients.