Shuto Takahiro, Wachi Takanori, Shinohara Yoshinori, Nikawa Hiroki, Makihira Seicho
Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Department of Oral Biology and Engineering, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
J Dent Sci. 2016 Mar;11(1):8-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2015.10.005. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The prevalence of peri-implant diseases, including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, is increasing. The aim of this study was to elucidate the pathological mechanisms of inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in peri-implant tissues. To do this, we fabricated inflamed gingiva around mini-implants in the palatine processes of rats using lipopolysaccharide derived from (-LPS).
Pure titanium mini-implants were implanted into the palatine processes of rats, and then intermittent injections of -LPS were made into the gingival tissues surrounding the mini-implants. The expression patterns of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the tissues were examined using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to compare the T and B cells expressing RANKL.
-LPS increased the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, and RANKL in the gingival tissues surrounding the mini-implants. In contrast, the expression of OPG in the -LPS samples was decreased. Consequently, the RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly increased. Moreover, cells stained positively for both anti-CD3 and anti-RANKL antibodies were only found in the samples treated with -LPS.
These data revealed that -LPS injections increased the RANKL/OPG ratio in the gingival tissues surrounding mini-implants in the rat model. In addition, the CD3-positive cells in the gingival tissues injected with -LPS expressed RANKL. This suggests that the activated T cells capable of infiltrating gingival tissues affected by -LPS may be one of the sources of RANKL and may also be involved in the disease progression from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis.
背景/目的：种植体周围疾病，包括种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的患病率正在上升。本研究的目的是阐明种植体周围组织炎症和牙槽骨吸收的病理机制。为此，我们使用源自牙龈卟啉单胞菌的脂多糖（-LPS）在大鼠腭突的微型种植体周围制造了炎症牙龈。
将纯钛微型种植体植入大鼠腭突，然后向微型种植体周围的牙龈组织间歇性注射-LPS。使用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应或酶联免疫吸附测定法检测组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、趋化因子（C-C基序）配体2、核因子κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）和骨保护素（OPG）的表达模式。还进行了免疫组织化学分析，以比较表达RANKL的T细胞和B细胞。
-LPS增加了微型种植体周围牙龈组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、趋化因子（C-C基序）配体2和RANKL的表达。相比之下，-LPS样本中OPG的表达降低。因此，RANKL/OPG比值显著增加。此外，仅在-LPS处理的样本中发现抗CD3和抗RANKL抗体均呈阳性染色的细胞。
这些数据表明，在大鼠模型中，注射-LPS会增加微型种植体周围牙龈组织中的RANKL/OPG比值。此外，注射-LPS的牙龈组织中的CD3阳性细胞表达RANKL。这表明能够浸润受-LPS影响的牙龈组织的活化T细胞可能是RANKL的来源之一，也可能参与从种植体周围黏膜炎到种植体周围炎的疾病进展。
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