Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020 Dec;33(24):4164-4170. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1598362. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
Boys born small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk of testicular dysgenesis syndrome, and girls born SGA face the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome later in life. Our aim was to study whether neonates born SGA have an altered profile of steroid hormones at birth. A total of 168 singletons (99 boys, 69 girls) born at 32.0-36.9 gestational weeks were recruited to a population-based, university hospital, single-center study. Of these, 31 infants (17 boys, 14 girls) were born SGA. The concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estrone, estradiol, cortisone, and cortisol were analyzed in umbilical cord serum with mass spectrometry. Girls born SGA had higher levels of androstenedione than girls born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (4.0 versus 2.6 nmol/L, = .002). Boys born SGA had lower levels of estrone than boys born AGA (33 822 versus 62 471 pmol/L, = .038). Infants born SGA had lower levels of cortisone than infants born AGA, both in girls (340 versus 579 nmol/L, = .010) and in boys (308 versus 521 nmol/L, = .045). Furthermore, boys born SGA had a higher cortisol/cortisone ratio than boys born AGA (0.41 versus 0.25, = .028). Gestational age correlated with DHEAS (boys = 0.48, = .000, girls = 0.35, = .013), and cortisol (boys = 0.48, = .000, girls = 0.29, = .039). In moderate-to-late preterm infants born SGA, we observed a different steroid hormone profile in cord serum. Girls born SGA show increased levels of androstenedione and boys born SGA show decreased levels of estrone in cord serum, which could be related to placental aromatase deficiency in intrauterine growth restriction.
出生体重小于胎龄儿（SGA）的男孩患睾丸发育不良综合征的风险增加，而出生 SGA 的女孩在以后的生活中面临多囊卵巢综合征的风险。我们的目的是研究出生 SGA 的新生儿在出生时是否具有改变的类固醇激素特征。总共招募了 168 名（99 名男孩，69 名女孩）在 32.0-36.9 孕周时出生的单胎儿（99 名男孩，69 名女孩）进行了一项基于人群的大学医院单中心研究。其中，31 名婴儿（17 名男孩，14 名女孩）出生 SGA。采用质谱法分析脐带血清中脱氢表雄酮硫酸酯（DHEAS）、雄烯二酮、睾酮、二氢睾酮、雌酮、雌二醇、皮质酮和皮质醇的浓度。与出生体重适宜的婴儿相比，出生 SGA 的女孩雄烯二酮水平更高（4.0 与 2.6 nmol/L， = .002）。与出生体重适宜的婴儿相比，出生 SGA 的男孩雌酮水平更低（33822 与 62471 pmol/L， = .038）。与出生体重适宜的婴儿相比，出生 SGA 的婴儿皮质酮水平更低，无论在女孩（340 与 579 nmol/L， = .010）还是男孩（308 与 521 nmol/L， = .045）中。此外，与出生体重适宜的婴儿相比，出生 SGA 的男孩皮质醇/皮质酮比值更高（0.41 与 0.25， = .028）。胎龄与 DHEAS（男孩 = 0.48， = .000，女孩 = 0.35， = .013）和皮质醇（男孩 = 0.48， = .000，女孩 = 0.29， = .039）相关。在中晚期早产儿出生 SGA 中，我们观察到脐带血清中的类固醇激素谱不同。出生 SGA 的女孩在脐带血清中显示出雄烯二酮水平升高，而出生 SGA 的男孩在脐带血清中显示出雌酮水平降低，这可能与宫内生长受限中胎盘芳香化酶缺乏有关。
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