Cordonin Colette, Turpin Magali, Bascands Jean-Loup, Dellagi Koussay, Mavingui Patrick, Tortosa Pablo, Roche Marjolaine
Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France.
Unité Mixte de Recherche Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapie Réunion-Océan Indien (UMR DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, INSERM U1188, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Mar 11;10:382. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00382. eCollection 2019.
Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses worldwide, with highest incidence reported on tropical islands. Recent investigations carried out in a One-Health framework have revealed a wide diversity of pathogenic lineages on the different islands of Western Indian Ocean carried out by a large diversity of mammal reservoirs, including domestic and wild fauna. Using golden Syrian hamsters as a model of acute infection, we studied the virulence of and isolates obtained from rats, tenrecs, and bats, respectively. Hamsters were inoculated with 2.10 bacterial cells and monitored for 1 month. The isolate proved to be the most pathogenic while and isolates induced no clinical symptoms in the infected hamsters. High leptospiral DNA amounts were also detected in the urine and organs of hamsters infected with the isolate while and isolates mostly failed to disseminate into the organism. In addition, histological damage was more pronounced in the kidneys and lungs of hamsters infected with the isolate. Altogether, these data support that strains shed by mammals endemic to this insular ecosystem ( and isolates) are less pathogenic than the rat-borne isolate. These results may provide a relevant framework for understanding the contrasting epidemiology of human leptospirosis observed among Western Indian Ocean islands.
钩端螺旋体病是全球分布最广泛的人畜共患病之一，热带岛屿上报的发病率最高。最近在“同一健康”框架下开展的调查显示，西印度洋不同岛屿上存在多种致病谱系，由包括家畜和野生动物在内的多种哺乳动物宿主传播。我们以金黄叙利亚仓鼠作为急性感染模型，研究了分别从大鼠、马岛猬和蝙蝠分离出的 和 菌株的毒力。给仓鼠接种2×10个细菌细胞，并监测1个月。结果证明 菌株致病性最强，而 和 菌株在感染的仓鼠中未引发任何临床症状。在感染 菌株的仓鼠的尿液和器官中也检测到大量钩端螺旋体DNA，而 和 菌株大多未能在体内扩散。此外，感染 菌株的仓鼠的肾脏和肺部的组织学损伤更为明显。总体而言，这些数据表明，这种岛屿生态系统中的特有哺乳动物（ 和 菌株）传播的 菌株的致病性低于大鼠传播的 菌株。这些结果可能为理解西印度洋岛屿间人类钩端螺旋体病截然不同的流行病学情况提供一个相关框架。
