Department of Preventive Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Prevention and Management, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
J Korean Med Sci. 2019 Feb 27;34(Suppl 1):e69. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e69. eCollection 2019 Mar 26.
Injury represents an important aspect of disease that affects everyone at some point in their lives. To better understand and prevent these injuries, various analytical methods have been developed to assess both the magnitude and features of injury burden. In this study, we attempted to estimate the injury burden of Korea in 2014 by comparing the prevalence-based approach used by the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) team and the World Health Organization against an alternative incidence-based approach, and to assess the different implications of these measurements.
The 10th Korean National Hospital Discharge survey data and causes of death statistics in 2014 were used as data sources. Years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated using both the incidence- and prevalence-based approaches. The Korean Classification of Diseases (KCD) version 5 diagnostic codes were used to classify the mechanism of injury.
The prevalence-based injury burden tended to be higher (1,670,229 DALYs) than the incidence-based injury burden (1,544,467 DALYs). The elderly population exhibited a higher prevalence-based YLD and DALY relative to incidence-based outcomes. In order of significance, the three most common causes of injury as calculated using an incidence-based approach were road injury, fall, and self-harm, compared with a prevalence-based method, which identified self-harm, road injury, and falls as the most common injuries.
An appropriate prevention program is needed for injuries with potential to cause long-lasting morbidity. Accordingly, a tailored injury-prevention strategy should be developed for each high-risk group.
伤害是影响每个人生命中某个时刻的重要疾病方面。为了更好地了解和预防这些伤害，已经开发了各种分析方法来评估伤害负担的程度和特征。在这项研究中，我们试图通过比较全球疾病负担（GBD）团队和世界卫生组织使用的基于患病率的方法与基于发病率的替代方法，来估计 2014 年韩国的伤害负担，并评估这些测量方法的不同含义。
使用 2014 年第 10 次韩国国家医院出院调查数据和死因统计数据作为数据源。使用基于发病率和患病率的方法计算了失能调整生命年（YLD）和伤残调整生命年（DALY）。使用韩国疾病分类（KCD）第 5 版诊断代码对伤害机制进行分类。
基于患病率的伤害负担倾向于更高（1670229 DALY），而基于发病率的伤害负担（1544467 DALY）。与基于发病率的结果相比，老年人群的患病率更高的 YLD 和 DALY。按照重要性顺序，基于发病率的三种最常见的伤害原因是道路交通伤害、跌倒和自残，而基于患病率的方法则将自残、道路交通伤害和跌倒列为最常见的伤害。
需要针对可能导致长期发病的伤害制定适当的预防计划。因此，应针对每个高风险群体制定有针对性的伤害预防策略。
