Department of Mental Health, ASST Rhodense, Rho, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Neuroscience. 2019 Jun 1;408:58-67. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.03.049. Epub 2019 Mar 29.
The subplate (SP) represents a transitory cytoarchitectural fetal compartment containing most subcortical and cortico-cortical afferents, and has a fundamental role in the structural development of the healthy adult brain. There is evidence that schizophrenia and autism may be determined by developmental defects in the cortex or cortical circuitry during the earliest stages of pregnancy. This article provides an overview on fetal SP development, considering its role in schizophrenia and autism, as supported by a systematic review of the main databases. The SP has been described as a cortical amplifier with a role in the coordination of cortical activity, and sensitive growth and migration windows have crucial consequences with respect to cognitive functioning. Although there are not enough studies to draw final conclusions, improved knowledge of the SP's role in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders may help to elucidate and possibly prevent the onset of these two severe disorders.
基板（SP）代表了一个短暂的细胞结构胎儿隔室，包含大多数皮质下和皮质内的传入神经，在健康成人大脑的结构发育中起着至关重要的作用。有证据表明，精神分裂症和自闭症可能是由妊娠早期皮质或皮质回路的发育缺陷引起的。本文综述了主要数据库，概述了胎儿 SP 的发育，考虑了其在精神分裂症和自闭症中的作用。SP 被描述为一种皮层放大器，在皮层活动的协调中起作用，敏感的生长和迁移窗口对认知功能有至关重要的影响。尽管目前还没有足够的研究得出最终结论，但对 SP 在精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍中的作用的深入了解，可能有助于阐明并可能预防这两种严重疾病的发生。
