Jámbor Ilona, Szabó Krisztina, Zeher Margit, Papp Gábor
Belgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Immunológiai Tanszék, Debreceni Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Debrecen, Móricz Zs. krt. 22., 4032.
Orv Hetil. 2019 Apr;160(15):563-572. doi: 10.1556/650.2019.31349.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 18-25 nucleotide long, single stranded, endogenous, non-coding small RNAs playing an important role in regulating gene expression at posttranscriptional level. miRNAs control approximately 90% of protein-coding genes, and play a central role in various biological processes including immune cell lineage commitment, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and maintenance of immune homeostasis. Changes in the expression of certain miRNAs may lead to the development of many diseases, including systemic autoimmune diseases. In this study, we summarize the biogenesis of miRNAs, their role in regulation of the immune system, and review the latest research findings in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis. In the future, miRNAs may help not only in establishing diagnosis and prognosis but potentially serve as targets for modern therapeutic approaches in autoimmune diseases. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(15): 563-572.
微小RNA（miRNA）是长度为18 - 25个核苷酸的单链内源性非编码小RNA，在转录后水平调控基因表达中发挥重要作用。miRNA控制着约90%的蛋白质编码基因，并在包括免疫细胞谱系定向、分化、增殖、凋亡以及免疫稳态维持等各种生物学过程中起核心作用。某些miRNA表达的改变可能导致包括系统性自身免疫性疾病在内的多种疾病的发生。在本研究中，我们总结了miRNA的生物合成、它们在免疫系统调节中的作用，并综述了系统性红斑狼疮、原发性干燥综合征、类风湿关节炎和系统性硬化症的最新研究发现。未来，miRNA不仅可能有助于疾病的诊断和预后判断，还可能成为自身免疫性疾病现代治疗方法的靶点。《匈牙利医学周报》。2019年；160(15): 563 - 572。
