Tayebi Meybodi Ali, Borba Moreira Leandro, Lawton Michael T, Preul Mark C
Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W. Thomas Rd., Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2019 Jun;41(6):657-662. doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02222-x. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
Localization of the facial nerve trunk (FNT) [i.e., the portion of the facial nerve between the stylomastoid foramen (SMF) and pes anserinus] may be required during various surgical interventions such as parotidectomy and hypoglossal-facial anastomosis. Several landmarks have been proposed for efficient identification of the FNT. We sought to assess the anatomical features of the digastric branch of the facial nerve (DBFN) and its potential as a landmark to identify FNT.
Fifteen sides of eight cadaveric heads were dissected to find the DBFN. Anatomic features of DBFN including its point of origin relative to SMF, length, and important relationships, as well as the distance between the insertion point on the digastric muscle and mastoid tip were recorded.
DBFN was found in all specimens originating from the FNT outside the SMF with an average length (± standard deviation) of 15.4 ± 3.4 mm. In all specimens, the DBFN inserted on the superomedial aspect of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle (PBD). In 8/15 specimens, DBFN was accompanied by the stylomastoid artery on its anteromedial side. Average distance (± standard deviation) between the mastoid tip and the nerve insertion point on PBD was 13.6 ± 2.0 mm (range 10-17).
The DBFN is a reliable landmark for identifying the FNT. It could be consistently identified within 15-20 mm of the mastoid tip on the superomedial aspect of the PBD. The DBFN may be used as a supplementary landmark for efficient localization of the FNT.
Not applicable (anatomic study).
在诸如腮腺切除术和舌下-面神经吻合术等各种外科手术中，可能需要对面神经干（FNT）[即面神经在茎乳孔（SMF）和腮腺袢之间的部分]进行定位。已经提出了几个标志用于有效识别FNT。我们试图评估面神经二腹肌支（DBFN）的解剖特征及其作为识别FNT标志的潜力。
对8个尸体头部的15侧进行解剖以寻找DBFN。记录DBFN的解剖特征，包括其相对于SMF的起源点、长度和重要关系，以及在二腹肌上的插入点与乳突尖之间的距离。
在所有标本中均发现DBFN起源于SMF外侧的FNT，平均长度（±标准差）为15.4±3.4毫米。在所有标本中，DBFN插入二腹肌后腹（PBD）的上内侧。在15个标本中的8个中，DBFN在其前内侧伴有茎乳动脉。乳突尖与PBD上神经插入点之间的平均距离（±标准差）为13.6±2.0毫米（范围10-17）。
DBFN是识别FNT的可靠标志。它可以在PBD上内侧距乳突尖15-20毫米范围内持续识别。DBFN可作为有效定位FNT的辅助标志。
不适用（解剖学研究）。
