Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Mol Biol. 2019 Sep 20;431(20):4067-4077. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.04.011. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
Transcription in most bacteria is tightly regulated in order to facilitate bacterial adaptation to different environments, and transcription factors play a key role in this. Here we give a brief overview of the essential features of bacterial transcription factors and how they affect transcript initiation at target promoters. We focus on complex promoters that are regulated by combinations of activators and repressors, combinations of repressors only, or combinations of activators. At some promoters, transcript initiation is regulated by nucleoid-associated proteins, which often work together with transcription factors. We argue that the distinction between nucleoid-associated proteins and transcription factors is blurred and that they likely share common origins.
在大多数细菌中，转录受到严格调控，以促进细菌适应不同的环境，而转录因子在这方面起着关键作用。在这里，我们简要概述了细菌转录因子的基本特征，以及它们如何影响靶启动子处的转录起始。我们重点介绍了由激活子和抑制剂组合、仅抑制剂组合或激活子组合调控的复杂启动子。在一些启动子上，转录起始受核相关蛋白的调控，这些蛋白通常与转录因子一起发挥作用。我们认为，核相关蛋白和转录因子之间的区别是模糊的，它们可能具有共同的起源。
