Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
J Clin Psychol. 2019 Aug;75(8):1444-1454. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22783. Epub 2019 Apr 20.
In eating disorders, the denial of the illness is a central phenomenon. In the most severe forms of anorexia, compulsory treatment may be necessary. The professional acceptance of involuntary treatment is controversial due to the fact that the autonomy of the patient is juxtaposed with the obligation of the health care practitioner to save lives. This paper discusses the major practical and ethical considerations surrounding this controversy. In addition, case vignettes are used to illustrate various strategies to diminish client resistance and enhance motivation toward treatment. Involving the family is nearly always essential for the treatment of patients with eating disorders. In some cases, parental consultation (i.e., treatment without the client) can also be an option. Home visits, though rarely used, can reframe the therapeutic relationship and provide information about family functioning. In general, a lower level of treatment coercion can be achieved through transparent client-parent and client-therapist communication.
在饮食失调中,否认疾病是一个核心现象。在最严重的厌食症形式中,可能需要强制治疗。由于患者的自主权与医疗保健从业者拯救生命的义务相对立,因此专业人员对非自愿治疗的接受存在争议。本文讨论了围绕这一争议的主要实际和伦理考虑因素。此外,还使用案例片段来说明各种策略,以减少客户的阻力并增强他们对治疗的积极性。涉及家庭几乎总是治疗饮食失调患者的必要条件。在某些情况下,父母咨询(即没有客户的治疗)也可以是一种选择。家访虽然很少使用,但可以重新构建治疗关系并提供有关家庭功能的信息。一般来说,可以通过透明的客户-家长和客户-治疗师沟通来实现较低水平的治疗强制。