Oh Hanna, Johnson Wade, Syrop Isaac P
Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY.
Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2019 Jun;27(2):56-59. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000236.
As the participation rate and popularity of winter adaptive sports increases, understanding injury patterns and equipment is crucial for athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, sports physicians, prosthetists/orthotists, and all the staff involved. While the inaugural Winter Paralympics in 1976 had 17 participating countries, the most recent paralympic games in Pyeongchang, South Korea had >500 athletes from 49 different countries competing in 6 disciplines: alpine skiing, nordic skiing, sledge hockey, wheelchair curling, biathlon, and snowboarding. In this paper, we review participation rates, injury trends and equipment, with a focus on the 3 most popular events: alpine skiing, nordic skiing, and sledge hockey. Despite injury risk within this athletic community, there are documented advantages to physical movement, and for each individual the risks of injury have to be weighted with the benefits of competing. Overall, there is a need for educational efforts regarding the development, access, and participation to injury prevention programs with an integrated and multidisciplinary approach.
随着冬季适应性运动的参与率和受欢迎程度不断提高，了解损伤模式和装备对于运动员、教练、运动训练师、运动医生、假肢矫形师以及所有相关工作人员来说至关重要。1976年首届冬季残奥会有17个参赛国家，而在韩国平昌举行的最近一届残奥会有来自49个不同国家的500多名运动员参加6个项目的比赛：高山滑雪、北欧滑雪、雪橇曲棍球、轮椅冰壶、冬季两项和单板滑雪。在本文中，我们回顾了参与率、损伤趋势和装备情况，重点关注3个最受欢迎的项目：高山滑雪、北欧滑雪和雪橇曲棍球。尽管这个运动群体存在受伤风险，但有文献记载身体运动有诸多益处，而且对于每个人来说，受伤风险必须与参赛益处相权衡。总体而言，需要通过综合多学科方法，在损伤预防项目的开发、获取和参与方面开展教育工作。
