Long-term actions of interleukin-1β on K, Na and Ca channel currents in small, IB-positive dorsal root ganglion neurons; possible relevance to the etiology of neuropathic pain.

Excitation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) is implicated in the onset of neuropathic pain. To understand its mechanism of action, isolectin B4 positive (IB) DRG neurons were exposed to 100pM IL-1β for 5-6d. A reversible increase in action potential (AP) amplitude reflected increased TTX-sensitive sodium current (TTX-S I). An irreversible increase in AP duration reflected decreased Ca- sensitive K conductance (BK(Ca) channels). Different processes thus underlie regulation of the two channel types. Since changes in AP shape facilitated Ca influx, this explains how IL-1β facilitates synaptic transmission in the dorsal horn; thereby provoking pain.