Tang Yang, Tong Yue Wei, Han Yan Gang, Zhou Wang Ming, Zhou Li, Dai Li Min, Yu Da Pao
Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2019 May;30(5):1479-1486. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201905.021.
Competition is the main factor affecting the growth, morphology and death of trees in fore-sts. The analysis of individual competition can reflect the characteristics of interaction among individuals and their interaction ranges, which is important for reducing individual competition and promoting tree growth. To understand the effects of competition on tree growth in broad-leaved Korean pine forest, based on Hegyi single-tree competition index and neighborhood analysis method, we explored the neighborhood radius of competition for five key tree species, i.e. Pinus koraiensis, Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Quercus mongolica and Ulmus japonica (80% of basal area at breast height in total), and analyzed the effects of competition on the growth and death of the key tree species. The results showed that the neighborhood radius of single-tree competition of four tree species, P. koraiensis, T. amurensis, F. mandshurica and Q. mongolica was 11 m, while that of U. pumila was 13 m. The single-tree competition intensity for all five key tree species was negatively correlated with the logarithm of its growth increment, and positively correlated with the size of individual trees. The relative importance of competition intensity on tree growth decreased with tree growth. Neighborhood competition significantly increased tree mortality. Our results revealed the effects of neighborhood competition on the growth and survival of the key tree species at different developmental stages in broad-leaved Korean pine forests in Changbai Mountain. The results are instructive to the adjustment of competitive environment and the improvement of productivity of key tree species in broad-leaved Korean pine forests.
竞争是影响森林中树木生长、形态和死亡的主要因素。对个体竞争进行分析，能够反映个体间相互作用的特征及其作用范围，这对于减少个体竞争、促进树木生长具有重要意义。为了解竞争对阔叶红松林树木生长的影响，基于Hegyi单木竞争指数和邻体分析方法，我们探究了红松、紫椴、水曲柳、蒙古栎和春榆（胸高断面积合计占80%）这5种关键树种的竞争邻体半径，并分析了竞争对关键树种生长和死亡的影响。结果表明，红松、紫椴、水曲柳和蒙古栎4个树种的单木竞争邻体半径为11 m，而春榆为13 m。5种关键树种的单木竞争强度与其生长量的对数呈负相关，与个体树木大小呈正相关。竞争强度对树木生长的相对重要性随树木生长而降低。邻体竞争显著增加了树木死亡率。我们的研究结果揭示了邻体竞争对长白山阔叶红松林不同发育阶段关键树种生长和存活的影响。研究结果对于阔叶红松林竞争环境的调控以及关键树种生产力的提高具有指导意义。
