Food and Soft Materials, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.
Food and Soft Materials, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 Jul;269:334-356. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 May 10.
Amyloid fibrils have traditionally been considered only as pathological aggregates in human neurodegenerative diseases, but it is increasingly becoming clear that the propensity to form amyloid fibrils is a generic property for all proteins, including food proteins. Differently from the pathological amyloid fibrils, those derived from food proteins can be used as advanced materials in biomedicine, tissue engineering, environmental science, nanotechnology, material science as well as in food science, owing to a combination of highly desirable feature such as extreme aspect ratios, outstanding stiffness and a broad availability of functional groups on their surfaces. In food science, protein fibrillization is progressively recognized as an appealing strategy to broaden and improve food protein functionality. This review article discusses the various classes of reported food protein amyloid fibrils and their formation conditions. It furthermore considers amyloid fibrils in a broad context, from their structural characterization to their forming mechanisms and ensued physical properties, emphasizing their applications in food-related fields. Finally, the biological fate and the potential toxicity mechanisms of food amyloid fibrils are discussed, and an experimental protocol for their health safety validation is proposed in the concluding part of the review.
淀粉样纤维一直被认为只是人类神经退行性疾病中的病理性聚集物，但越来越明显的是，形成淀粉样纤维的倾向是所有蛋白质（包括食物蛋白质）的通用特性。与病理性淀粉样纤维不同，那些源自食物蛋白质的纤维可以用作生物医学、组织工程、环境科学、纳米技术、材料科学以及食品科学中的先进材料，这是因为它们具有高度理想的特性，如极高的纵横比、出色的刚性以及表面上广泛存在的功能基团。在食品科学中，蛋白质纤维化正逐渐被视为一种拓宽和改善食物蛋白质功能的有吸引力的策略。本文综述了各种报道的食物蛋白淀粉样纤维及其形成条件。此外，本文还从结构表征到形成机制和随后的物理性质等方面，广泛地考虑了淀粉样纤维，强调了它们在与食品相关领域的应用。最后，讨论了食物淀粉样纤维的生物学命运和潜在的毒性机制，并在综述的最后部分提出了其健康安全性验证的实验方案。
