Dandurand L M, Zasada I A, LaMondia J A
Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences Department, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho, 83844.
USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory , 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR, 97330.
J Nematol. 2019;51:1-11. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2019-030.
The effect of the nematode trap crop was assessed against three spp., the potato cyst nematode (in Idaho), the recently described (in Oregon), and the tobacco cyst nematode (in Connecticut) in field trials. At all locations the ability of to reduce encysted second-stage juveniles (J2) in egg densities compared to fallow was considered. For , the impact of planting and termination dates of on final egg densities was also evaluated; and for , the ability of the nematode to reproduce on potato () after exposure to was determined. Encysted J2 in egg densities of all three spp. declined from 25 to 68% after trap cropping with . For , reduced final encysted J2 in egg density by 23 to 50% compared to the fallow treatment, and significantly decreased reproduction on potato after exposure to by 99 to 100% compared to the fallow treatment ( < 0.0001). For , the planting date of in May or June did not impact final egg densities ( = 0.32). Rather, percentage reduction in encysted J2 in egg density was most influenced by the length of time to which nematodes were exposed to , with 30 and 81% reduction after 6 vs 12 wk of exposure, respectively ( < 0.0001). Similar levels of nematode reduction after were observed for after 12 to 14 wk of exposure to the trap crop; density changes consisted of a 114% increase after susceptible tobacco, a 65% decrease after resistant tobacco, and an 88% decrease after compared to bare soil. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the widespread applicability of in reducing a diversity of spp. present in the USA. The effect of the nematode trap crop was assessed against three spp., the potato cyst nematode (in Idaho), the recently described (in Oregon), and the tobacco cyst nematode (in Connecticut) in field trials. At all locations the ability of to reduce encysted second-stage juveniles (J2) in egg densities compared to fallow was considered. For , the impact of planting and termination dates of on final egg densities was also evaluated; and for , the ability of the nematode to reproduce on potato () after exposure to was determined. Encysted J2 in egg densities of all three spp. declined from 25 to 68% after trap cropping with . For , reduced final encysted J2 in egg density by 23 to 50% compared to the fallow treatment, and significantly decreased reproduction on potato after exposure to by 99 to 100% compared to the fallow treatment ( < 0.0001). For , the planting date of in May or June did not impact final egg densities ( = 0.32). Rather, percentage reduction in encysted J2 in egg density was most influenced by the length of time to which nematodes were exposed to , with 30 and 81% reduction after 6 vs 12 wk of exposure, respectively ( < 0.0001). Similar levels of nematode reduction after were observed for after 12 to 14 wk of exposure to the trap crop; density changes consisted of a 114% increase after susceptible tobacco, a 65% decrease after resistant tobacco, and an 88% decrease after compared to bare soil. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the widespread applicability of in reducing a diversity of spp. present in the USA.
在田间试验中，评估了线虫诱捕作物对三种线虫的防治效果，分别是马铃薯孢囊线虫（爱达荷州）、最近发现的线虫（俄勒冈州）和烟草孢囊线虫（康涅狄格州）。在所有试验地点，均考察了与休耕相比，诱捕作物降低卵密度中包囊化二期幼虫（J2）数量的能力。对于马铃薯孢囊线虫，还评估了诱捕作物的种植和终止日期对最终卵密度的影响；对于烟草孢囊线虫，测定了其暴露于诱捕作物后在马铃薯上繁殖的能力。在用诱捕作物种植后，所有三种线虫卵密度中的包囊化J2数量下降了25%至68%。对于马铃薯孢囊线虫，与休耕处理相比，诱捕作物使最终卵密度中的包囊化J2数量减少了23%至50%，并且与休耕处理相比，暴露于诱捕作物后马铃薯孢囊线虫在马铃薯上的繁殖显著减少了99%至100%（P<0.0001）。对于烟草孢囊线虫，诱捕作物在5月或6月的种植日期对最终卵密度没有影响（P=0.32）。相反，卵密度中包囊化J2数量的减少百分比受线虫暴露于诱捕作物时间长短的影响最大，暴露6周和12周后分别减少了30%和81%（P<0.0001）。在暴露于诱捕作物12至14周后，观察到烟草孢囊线虫的线虫减少水平相似；与裸土相比，线虫密度变化包括感病烟草后增加114%、抗病烟草后减少65%以及诱捕作物后减少88%。总之，本研究证明了诱捕作物在减少美国存在的多种线虫方面具有广泛的适用性。在田间试验中，评估了线虫诱捕作物对三种线虫的防治效果分别是马铃薯孢囊线虫（爱达荷州）、最近发现的线虫（俄勒冈州）和烟草孢囊线虫（康涅狄格州）。在所有试验地点，均考察了与休耕相比，诱捕作物降低卵密度中包囊化二期幼虫（J2）数量的能力。对于马铃薯孢囊线虫，还评估了诱捕作物的种植和终止日期对最终卵密度的影响；对于烟草孢囊线虫，测定了其暴露于诱捕作物后在马铃薯上繁殖的能力。在用诱捕作物种植后，所有三种线虫卵密度中的包囊化J2数量下降了25%至68%。对于马铃薯孢囊线虫，与休耕处理相比，诱捕作物使最终卵密度中的包囊化J2数量减少了23%至50%，并且与休耕处理相比，暴露于诱捕作物后马铃薯孢囊线虫在马铃薯上的繁殖显著减少了99%至100%（P<0.0001）。对于烟草孢囊线虫，诱捕作物在5月或6月的种植日期对最终卵密度没有影响（P=0.32）。相反，卵密度中包囊化J2数量的减少百分比受线虫暴露于诱捕作物时间长短的影响最大，暴露6周和12周后分别减少了30%和81%（P<0.0001）。在暴露于诱捕作物12至14周后，观察到烟草孢囊线虫的线虫减少水平相似；与裸土相比，线虫密度变化包括感病烟草后增加114%、抗病烟草后减少65%以及诱捕作物后减少88%。总之，本研究证明了诱捕作物在减少美国存在的多种线虫方面具有广泛的适用性。
