Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
Front Immunol. 2019 May 7;10:1033. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01033. eCollection 2019.
Until a few years ago, lymphatic vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) were viewed as part of a passive conduit for lymph and immune cells to reach lymph nodes (LN). However, recent work has shown that LEC are active immunological players whose interaction with dendritic cells and T cells is of important immunomodulatory relevance. While the immunological interaction between LEC and other immune cells has taken a center stage, molecular analysis of LEC antigen processing and presentation machinery is still lagging. Herein we review the current knowledge of LEC MHC I and MHC II antigen processing and presentation pathways, Including the role of LEC in antigen phagocytosis, classical, and non-classical MHC II presentation, proteasome processing and MHC I presentation, and cross-presentation. The ultimate goal is to provide an overview of the LEC antigen processing and presentation machinery that constitutes the molecular basis for their role in MHC I and MHC II-restricted immune responses.
直到几年前，淋巴管和淋巴管内皮细胞（LEC）还被视为淋巴和免疫细胞到达淋巴结（LN）的被动通道的一部分。然而，最近的研究表明，LEC 是活跃的免疫细胞，它们与树突状细胞和 T 细胞的相互作用具有重要的免疫调节相关性。虽然 LEC 与其他免疫细胞的免疫相互作用已成为研究重点，但 LEC 抗原加工和呈递机制的分子分析仍相对滞后。本文综述了 LEC MHC I 和 MHC II 抗原加工和呈递途径的最新知识，包括 LEC 在抗原吞噬、经典和非经典 MHC II 呈递、蛋白酶体加工和 MHC I 呈递以及交叉呈递中的作用。最终目标是提供 LEC 抗原加工和呈递机制的概述，这些机制构成了它们在 MHC I 和 MHC II 受限免疫反应中发挥作用的分子基础。
