Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Semin Perinatol. 2019 Oct;43(6):317-322. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 May 11.
Several epidemics of blindness due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) have been described, with the most recent (the third) occurring in middle income countries in Latin America and Eastern Europe initially, and more recently in the more advanced economies in Asia. In these settings, which are characterized by variation in the quality of neonatal care and inadequate coverage of ROP screening and treatment, larger, more mature infants are affected as well as extremely preterm infants. In 2010 the annual incidence of blindness and visual impairment from ROP globally was estimated to be 32,300, with the lowest incidence in sub-Saharan countries. However, ROP is likely to become an increasingly important cause of blindness in children in sub-Saharan Africa as neonatal care expands unless policies and programmes for control are included at the outset.
已描述了几次因早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）引起的失明流行病，最近一次（第三次）最初发生在拉丁美洲和东欧的中等收入国家，最近又发生在亚洲较发达的经济体中。在这些环境中，新生儿护理质量存在差异，ROP 筛查和治疗覆盖不足，较大、更成熟的婴儿以及极早产儿受到影响。2010 年，全球因 ROP 导致的失明和视力损害的年发病率估计为 32300 例，撒哈拉以南国家的发病率最低。然而，除非从一开始就包括控制政策和方案，否则随着新生儿护理的扩大，ROP 很可能成为撒哈拉以南非洲儿童失明的一个日益重要的原因。
