Park Junpyo, Jang Bongsoo
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea.
Chaos. 2019 May;29(5):051105. doi: 10.1063/1.5097003.
Alternative strategy is common in animal populations to promote reproductive fitness by obtaining resources. In spatial dynamics of cyclic competition, reproduction can occur when individuals obtain vacant rooms and, in this regard, empty sites should be resources for reproduction which can be induced by interspecific competition. In this paper, we study the role of alternative competition in the spatial system of cyclically competing five species by utilizing rock-paper-scissors-lizard-spock game. From Monte-Carlo simulations, we found that strong alternative competition can lead to the reemergence of coexistence of five species regardless of mobility, which is never reported in previous works under the symmetric competition structure. By investigating the coexistence probability, we also found that coexistence alternates by passing certain degrees of alternative competition in combination with mobility. In addition, we provided evidences in the opposite scenario by strengthening spontaneous competition, which exhibits the reemergence of coexistence similarly. Our findings may suggest more comprehensive perspectives to interpret mechanisms for biodiversity by alternative strategies in spatially extended systems than previously reported.
通过获取资源来提高繁殖适应性的替代策略在动物种群中很常见。在周期性竞争的空间动态中，当个体获得空置空间时就会发生繁殖，在这方面，空的位点应该是可由种间竞争诱导的繁殖资源。在本文中，我们利用石头-剪刀-布-蜥蜴-史波克游戏研究了替代竞争在五种周期性竞争物种的空间系统中的作用。通过蒙特卡罗模拟，我们发现，无论迁移率如何，强烈的替代竞争都能导致五种物种共存的重新出现，这在以前对称竞争结构下的研究中从未有过报道。通过研究共存概率，我们还发现，共存会随着通过一定程度的替代竞争与迁移率的结合而交替出现。此外，我们通过加强自发竞争在相反的情况下提供了证据，这同样显示了共存的重新出现。我们的发现可能表明，与以前的报道相比，在空间扩展系统中，通过替代策略来解释生物多样性机制的视角更全面。
