Velloso Alves de Souza Adriana, Rosário Francisca, Cajaiba João
Instituto de Química, Pólo de Xistoquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 219410-614, Brazil.
Centro de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello, PETROBRAS, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Jun 7;12(11):1849. doi: 10.3390/ma12111849.
Calcium carbonate scale is formed during oil and gas production. Tube-blocking tests (TBTs) are used to define the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in order to prevent scale adhesion in the petroleum production system equipment. However, non-adhered crystals may favor heterogeneous nucleation to other deposits such as calcium naphthenates, causing a more severe scale problem, increasing production losses and treatment costs. The objective of the present work was to develop a new dynamic test methodology to determine the MIC for CaCO using a sintered metal filter. Organophosphorus inhibitors were selected for comparison with the conventional dynamic tube-blocking system. The results demonstrated that the use of the filter allowed an MIC of the inhibitors to be obtained considering the precipitation prevention. The inhibitor concentration in the conventional tube-blocking system does not prevent precipitation, acting only on adhesion and crystal growth on the capillary wall. Tests to evaluate the potential of calcium naphthenates formation in a naphthenate flow rig dynamic system demonstrated the influence of heterogeneous nucleation from non-adhered carbonate crystals, potentially aggravating deposition problems in oil and gas production systems.
碳酸钙垢在石油和天然气生产过程中形成。管堵塞试验（TBTs）用于确定最低抑菌浓度（MIC），以防止石油生产系统设备中的结垢附着。然而，未附着的晶体可能有利于异相成核，形成其他沉积物，如环烷酸钙，从而导致更严重的结垢问题，增加生产损失和处理成本。本研究的目的是开发一种新的动态测试方法，使用烧结金属过滤器来确定碳酸钙的最低抑菌浓度。选择有机磷抑制剂与传统的动态管堵塞系统进行比较。结果表明，使用该过滤器能够在考虑防止沉淀的情况下获得抑制剂的最低抑菌浓度。传统管堵塞系统中的抑制剂浓度并不能防止沉淀，仅作用于毛细管壁上的附着和晶体生长。在环烷酸盐流动试验台动态系统中评估环烷酸钙形成潜力的试验表明，未附着的碳酸盐晶体产生的异相成核作用会影响石油和天然气生产系统中的沉积问题，可能会加剧沉积问题。
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