ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia road, Bhopal, 462 038, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Jun 12;191(7):429. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7563-4.
Chromium (Cr) is one of the toxic metals adversely affecting organisms including humans in the ecosystems, and it is present in considerable concentration in the tannery industrial effluent. Toxicity expression of Cr is suspected to be influenced considerably by other accompanying ions present in the effluent used for irrigation. In a screen house experiment, interactive effects of chloride and sulfate ions in a Vertisol on uptake of Cr by spinach crop were investigated and treatments imposed were three levels each of Cr (0, 50, 100 mg kg), chloride (Cl) (0, 25, 50 mM kg), and sulfur (S) (0, 4, 8 mM kg) in possible combinations. Plant growth parameters and leaf Cr concentrations were recorded to find out the effect of anions on Cr dynamics in the plant. Increasing the concentration of Cl ions in soil reduced the Cr concentration in both root and shoot. Similarly, increasing the concentration of S from 4 to 8 mM kg also reduced the concentration and uptake of Cr. Application of sulfate ions augmented the plant growth and counters the negative effect of Cl ions and Cr. Thus, the study revealed that the addition of S fertilizers could minimize the Cr toxicity in high Cr contaminated soils.
铬（Cr）是一种对生态系统中的生物体（包括人类）有不利影响的有毒金属，它在制革工业废水中的浓度相当高。据怀疑，Cr 的毒性表达可能会受到废水中存在的其他伴生离子的很大影响，这些离子被用于灌溉。在一个温室实验中，研究了在一种变性土中，氯离子和硫酸根离子对菠菜作物吸收 Cr 的相互作用，处理方式是在可能的组合中分别施加三个水平的 Cr（0、50、100mgkg）、Cl（0、25、50mMkg）和 S（0、4、8mMkg）。记录植物生长参数和叶片 Cr 浓度，以找出阴离子对植物中 Cr 动态的影响。土壤中 Cl 离子浓度的增加降低了根部和地上部的 Cr 浓度。同样，S 浓度从 4mMkg 增加到 8mMkg 也降低了 Cr 的浓度和吸收。硫酸盐离子的应用促进了植物的生长，并抵消了 Cl 离子和 Cr 的负面影响。因此，该研究表明，施用 S 肥料可以最大限度地减少高 Cr 污染土壤中的 Cr 毒性。
