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喉癌的性别相关发病率、风险因素暴露情况及生存率——来自一家机构的10年趋势分析

Gender-related incidence, risk factors exposure and survival rates of laryngeal cancers - the 10-years analysis of trends from one institution.

作者信息

Majszyk Daniel, Bruzgielewicz Antoni, Osuch-Wójcikiewicz Ewa, Rzepakowska Anna, Niemczyk Kazimierz

机构信息

Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw.

出版信息

Otolaryngol Pol. 2019 Apr 5;73(3):6-10. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1003.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was the analysis of the epidemiology of laryngeal cancer over 10 years in relation to known risk factors and to assess the current survival rates in this group of patients.

METHODS

The data were retrospectively collected from patients' medical records, then entered in the database using dedicated software and a statistical analysis was performed.

RESULTS

512 subjects - 443 men (86.5%) and 69 women (13.5%) were enrolled into the study. The male-to-female ratio was 6.4:1. There were 97.1% smoking women and 98% smoking men, however the history of more than 20 cigarettes per day smoking admitted 81.1 % of women and 94.6% of men. Heavy alcohol consumption was the case in 14 (20.3%) women and in 307 (69.3%) men. For both the size of heavy alcohol consumption and the size of excessive tobacco use, there was found statistically significant difference between women and men with laryngeal cancer (p<0.05). In the majority of male and female subjects, the tumour was located in the supraglottis/glottis area. Apparently this tumour location was much more common among women, accounting for 60.9% of cases , while in men was confirmed in 39.3% of cases. The stages of the laryngeal cancer were similarly of high advancement for both the men and women - stages III and IV were confirmed in 82.6% of women and in 77.6% of men. The over 5-year survival rate was 39.1% among women and 37.2% among men. Conclusions Contradictory to decreased exposure to risk factors and the shorter period for diagnosis, the higher stages of cancer were observed in women. Although in women the advancement was higher and the majority of cases were located in unfavourable supraglottic area, the survival rates were higher. Key words: laryngeal cancer, epidemiology, men and women, risk factors.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在分析10年间喉癌的流行病学情况及其相关已知风险因素,并评估该组患者的当前生存率。

方法

回顾性收集患者病历数据,然后使用专用软件录入数据库并进行统计分析。

结果

512名受试者纳入研究,其中443名男性(86.5%),69名女性(13.5%),男女比例为6.4:1。女性吸烟者占97.1%,男性吸烟者占98%,然而,每天吸烟超过20支的女性占81.1%,男性占94.6%。14名(20.3%)女性和307名(69.3%)男性有大量饮酒情况。在喉癌患者中,无论大量饮酒程度还是过度吸烟程度,男女之间均存在统计学显著差异(p<0.05)。在大多数男性和女性受试者中,肿瘤位于声门上区/声门区。显然,这种肿瘤位置在女性中更为常见,占病例的60.9%,而在男性中为39.3%。喉癌分期在男性和女性中同样处于较高进展期——82.6%的女性和77.6%的男性确诊为III期和IV期。女性5年以上生存率为39.1%,男性为37.2%。结论:与风险因素暴露减少及诊断时间缩短相反,女性中观察到癌症分期更高。尽管女性的病情进展更高且大多数病例位于不利的声门上区,但生存率更高。关键词:喉癌;流行病学;男性和女性;风险因素

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