Peng Jiaxi, He Ye, Deng Jing, Zheng Lulu, Chang Yi, Liu Xianqiang
College of Teachers, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
Affiliated Kindergarten, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
Work. 2019;63(3):335-345. doi: 10.3233/WOR-192939.
Preschool teachers can easily become exhausted and worn out, otherwise known as job burnout. Studies have explored the effects of emotional labor strategies and psychological capital on job burnout; however, few have examined their trilateral relationship, especially the role of psychological capital with respect to emotional labor strategies and job burnout.
This study explored the mediating and moderating effects of psychological capital in the relationship between three kinds of emotional labor strategies and job burnout in preschool teachers.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among preschool teachers in China. A total of 355 preschool teachers completed a self-report questionnaire, including three scales that measured emotional labor strategies, psychological capital, and job burnout. Resultant data were analyzed based on correlations, multiple regressions, and structural equation modeling.
Results showed that for preschool teachers, two emotional labor strategies (deep acting and expression of natural emotion) were found to be negatively correlated with psychological capital and positively correlated with job burnout. However, surface acting was positively correlated with psychological capital and negatively correlated with job burnout. Psychological capital partially mediated the effects of the three emotional labor strategies on job burnout. Additionally, psychological capital significantly moderated the effects of surface acting and deep acting on job burnout.
Psychological capital can significantly mediate and moderate the effects of emotional labor strategies on job burnout.
幼儿教师很容易感到疲惫不堪，也就是职业倦怠。已有研究探讨了情绪劳动策略和心理资本对职业倦怠的影响；然而，很少有研究考察它们之间的三边关系，尤其是心理资本在情绪劳动策略和职业倦怠方面所起的作用。
本研究探讨心理资本在幼儿教师三种情绪劳动策略与职业倦怠关系中的中介和调节作用。
在中国幼儿教师中开展一项横断面研究。共有355名幼儿教师完成了一份自陈问卷，其中包括测量情绪劳动策略、心理资本和职业倦怠的三个量表。基于相关性分析、多元回归分析和结构方程模型对所得数据进行分析。
结果显示，对于幼儿教师而言，两种情绪劳动策略（深层扮演和自然情绪表达）与心理资本呈负相关，与职业倦怠呈正相关。然而，表层扮演与心理资本呈正相关，与职业倦怠呈负相关。心理资本部分中介了三种情绪劳动策略对职业倦怠的影响。此外，心理资本显著调节了表层扮演和深层扮演对职业倦怠的影响。
心理资本能够显著中介和调节情绪劳动策略对职业倦怠的影响。
