University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
4th Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
In Vivo. 2019 Jul-Aug;33(4):1051-1058. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11573.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3 or eNOS) is the enzyme responsible for the highest production of nitric oxide, with the greatest impact on the cardiovascular system, encoded by the eNOS gene, which presents various polymorphisms. ENOS gene polymorphisms play an important role in the response to drugs affecting nitric oxide (NO) signaling. This review discusses the pharmacogenetic impact of eNOS polymorphisms on the response to drugs affecting NO activity: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and statins. The identification of biomarkers that accurately predict particular phenotypes is a challenge that needs additional large studies, in different populations. Efforts should be oriented towards a more accurate evaluation of the effects of eNOS genetic variants on biochemical parameters reflecting eNOS gene expression and enzymatic activity, in different diseases, as well as following drug treatment. This approach will allow for a better understanding of the role of eNOS genetic variants in cardiovascular disease progression and for cardiovascular drug therapy optimization.
内皮型一氧化氮合酶（NOS3 或 eNOS）是负责产生一氧化氮的酶，对心血管系统的影响最大，由 eNOS 基因编码，该基因存在多种多态性。ENOS 基因多态性在对影响一氧化氮（NO）信号的药物的反应中起着重要作用。本文讨论了 eNOS 多态性对影响 NO 活性的药物反应的遗传药理学影响：血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素 II 受体拮抗剂、钙通道阻滞剂、β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂和他汀类药物。确定能够准确预测特定表型的生物标志物是一个挑战，需要在不同人群中进行更多的大型研究。应努力更准确地评估 eNOS 遗传变异对反映 eNOS 基因表达和酶活性的生化参数的影响，以及在不同疾病和药物治疗后的影响。这种方法将有助于更好地了解 eNOS 遗传变异在心血管疾病进展中的作用，并优化心血管药物治疗。
