Waśkiel-Burnat Anna, Rakowska Adriana, Sikora Mariusz, Olszewska Malgorzata, Rudnicka Lidia
Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2019 Sep;36(5):640-645. doi: 10.1111/pde.13912. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Trichoscopic findings characteristic of alopecia areata have been established in adults. The objective of the study was to assess trichoscopic findings in children with alopecia areata.
Retrospective analysis of trichoscopic findings in 50 children (3-11 years old) and 50 adults (19-31 years old) with alopecia areata was performed.
Yellow dots were less commonly detected in children compared with adults (26/50, 52% vs 48/50, 96%). Pigtail hairs and empty follicular openings were more commonly observed in children compared with adults (14/50, 28% vs 2/50, 4% and 40/50, 80% vs 16/50, 32%, respectively). No significant difference in the frequency of other trichoscopic features between children and adults was found. Black dots, broken hairs, exclamation mark hairs, and tapered hairs were detected in 20/50 (40%), 27/50 (54%), 22/50 (44%), and 6/50 (12%) children, respectively, and in 26/50 (52%), 27/50 (54%), 20/50 (40%), and 11/50 (22%) adults, respectively. Triangular hairs (short hidden hairs), short vellus hairs, and upright regrowing hairs were observed in 22/50 (44%), 35/50 (70%), and 23/50 (46%) children, respectively, and in 24/50 (48%), 37/50 (74%), and 28/50 (56%) adults, respectively. Pohl-Pinkus constrictions were present in 2/50 (4%) children and 4/50 (8%) adults.
The most common trichoscopic findings of alopecia areata in children are empty follicular openings and short vellus hairs. Pigtail hairs and empty follicular openings are more commonly presented in children compared with adults. In contrast, yellow dots are less commonly observed in children compared with adults. Triangular hairs (short hidden hairs) are new trichoscopic findings of alopecia areata.
背景/目的：斑秃的毛发镜检查特征在成人中已得到确立。本研究的目的是评估儿童斑秃的毛发镜检查结果。
对50名儿童（3至11岁）和50名成人（19至31岁）斑秃患者的毛发镜检查结果进行回顾性分析。
与成人相比，儿童中较少检测到黄点（26/50，52% 对48/50，96%）。与成人相比，儿童中更常观察到辫子发和空毛囊口（分别为14/50，28% 对2/50，4% 以及40/50，80% 对16/50，32%）。未发现儿童与成人之间其他毛发镜特征频率的显著差异。黑点、断发、惊叹号发和锥形发在儿童中的检出率分别为20/50（40%）、27/50（54%）、22/50（44%）和6/50（12%），在成人中的检出率分别为26/50（52%）、27/50（54%）、20/50（40%）和11/50（22%）。三角形发（短隐匿发）、短毳毛和直立再生发在儿童中的观察率分别为22/50（44%）、35/50（70%）和23/50（46%），在成人中的观察率分别为24/50（48%）、37/50（74%）和28/50（56%）。Pohl-Pinkus狭窄在2/50（4%）的儿童和4/50（8%）的成人中存在。
儿童斑秃最常见的毛发镜检查结果是空毛囊口和短毳毛。与成人相比，辫子发和空毛囊口在儿童中更常见。相反，与成人相比，儿童中较少观察到黄点。三角形发（短隐匿发）是斑秃新的毛发镜检查结果。
