As an environmentally friendly approach for fruit quality improvement, the effect of preharvest UV-C on the physiology of strawberry fruit during postharvest storage remains to be assessed. Strawberry fruit developed with supplementary UV-C were stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. Preharvest UV-C attenuated fruit postharvest senescence and altered phytochemicals composition. Higher ester titer was found in the treated fruit at harvest, whereas higher terpene and furanone contents were detected after 72 h of storage. At harvest, polyphenolics accumulated to a higher level in UV-C group, but the difference disappeared after 24 h of storage. Meanwhile, the intrinsic level of abscisic acid and the expressions of FaPYR1, SnRK2, and FaASR in the UV-C-treated fruit was enhanced at harvest but returned to a lower level as storage proceeded. This study highlights the time-dependent effect of preharvest UV-C on strawberry fruit postharvest biochemical indexes and the possible involvement of abscisic acid signaling factors.