Catchment to Reef Research Group, TROPWATER, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Catchment to Reef Research Group, TROPWATER, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Oct 15;248:109255. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.07.026. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
An operational method to assess trends in marine water composition and ecosystem health during flood periods has been developed for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Queensland, Australia. This method integrates satellite water colour data with field water quality and ecosystem monitoring data and involves the classification of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS satellite) pixels into six distinct water bodies using a "wet season" colour scale developed specifically for the GBR. Using this information, several monitoring and reporting products have been derived and are operationally implemented into a long-term water quality monitoring program for the GBR. However, MODIS sensors are aging and a long-term monitoring solution is needed. This study reviewed the water colour monitoring products currently used in the GBR. It tested the feasibility to transition these methods from historical MODIS satellite imagery to the new Sentinel-3 satellite of the European Space Agency and from the wet season colour scale to the historical Forel-Ule colour scale, using a freely-distributed Forel Ule (FU) Satellite Toolbox. Monitoring products derived from both satellites and colour scales showed very similar patterns across two case study regions of the GBR, the Wet Tropics and Burdekin marine regions, over the 2017-18 wet season. The results obtained in this study highlighted the potential of using FU Sentinel-3 imagery for the mapping of GBR marine water bodies, including flood conditions. Furthermore, the operational monitoring products and frameworks developed for the GBR are likely to provide valuable foundations for analysis of FU Sentinel-3 data in the future. Such satellite water colour datasets and frameworks will be instrumental to better understand the impact of floods and reduced water clarity on marine ecosystems, as well as to support water quality management and facilitate catchment management policy in the GBR and worldwide.
已为澳大利亚昆士兰州大堡礁（GBR）开发了一种评估洪水期间海洋水成分和生态系统健康趋势的操作方法。该方法将卫星水色数据与现场水质和生态系统监测数据相结合，并使用专门为 GBR 开发的“湿季”颜色标度将中分辨率成像光谱仪 (MODIS 卫星) 像素分类为六个不同的水体。利用这些信息，已经衍生出了几种监测和报告产品，并在 GBR 的长期水质监测计划中进行了操作实施。然而，MODIS 传感器正在老化，需要长期监测解决方案。本研究回顾了目前在 GBR 中使用的水色监测产品。它测试了从历史 MODIS 卫星图像过渡到欧洲航天局新的 Sentinel-3 卫星以及从湿季颜色标度过渡到历史 Forel-Ule 颜色标度的可行性，使用了免费分发的 Forel Ule (FU) 卫星工具箱。使用来自两颗卫星和两种颜色标度的监测产品，在 GBR 的两个案例研究区域——湿热带和伯德金海洋区域，在 2017-18 年湿季期间，显示出非常相似的模式。本研究的结果强调了使用 FU Sentinel-3 图像进行 GBR 海洋水体测绘（包括洪水情况）的潜力。此外，为 GBR 开发的运营监测产品和框架可能为未来分析 FU Sentinel-3 数据提供有价值的基础。这些卫星水色数据集和框架对于更好地了解洪水和水清晰度降低对海洋生态系统的影响以及支持水质管理和促进 GBR 及全球范围内的集水区管理政策将是至关重要的。
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