MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
J Mol Cell Biol. 2019 Oct 25;11(10):886-898. doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz080.
Chromosomal translocation leads to the juxtaposition of two otherwise separate DNA loci, which could result in gene fusion. These rearrangements at the DNA level are catastrophic events and often have causal roles in tumorigenesis. The oncogenic DNA messages are transferred to RNA molecules, which are in most cases translated into cancerous fusion proteins. Gene expression programs and signaling pathways are altered in these cytogenetically abnormal contexts. Notably, non-coding RNAs have attracted increasing attention and are believed to be tightly associated with chromosome-rearranged cancers. These RNAs not only function as modulators in downstream pathways but also directly affect chromosomal translocation or the associated products. This review summarizes recent research advances on the relationship between non-coding RNAs and chromosomal translocations and on diverse functions of non-coding RNAs in cancers with chromosomal rearrangements.
染色体易位导致两个原本独立的 DNA 位点并列，从而导致基因融合。这些 DNA 水平上的重排是灾难性事件，通常在肿瘤发生中起因果作用。致癌 DNA 信息被转移到 RNA 分子，这些 RNA 分子在大多数情况下被翻译成癌性融合蛋白。在这些细胞遗传学异常的情况下，基因表达程序和信号通路发生改变。值得注意的是，非编码 RNA 越来越受到关注，被认为与染色体重排癌症密切相关。这些 RNA 不仅在下游途径中作为调节剂发挥作用，而且直接影响染色体易位或相关产物。本综述总结了非编码 RNA 与染色体易位之间关系的最新研究进展，以及非编码 RNA 在染色体重排癌症中的多种功能。
