Psychiatry Ward, Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy.
Department of Translational Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Jul 30;19(1):235. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2208-2.
The amount of research about orthorexic attitudes and behaviours has increased in the last five years, but is still mainly based on descriptive and anecdotal data, yielding a variety of prevalence data and inconsistent results. The interplay between socio-cultural context and orthorexia has been poorly investigated and is still far from being understood.
Multicentre, cross-sectional study involving Italian (N = 216), Polish (N = 206) and Spanish (N = 242) university students, assessed through a protocol including informed consent, socio-demographic and anamnestic data sheet and self-administered questionnaires (ORTO-15, Eating Attitudes Test- 26 [EAT-26], Temperament and Character Inventory [TCI]).
Higher prevalence of orthorexia (as described by the ORTO-15 cutoff) was found in Poland. Female gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), current Eating Disorder, dieting, EAT-26 score ≥ 20 and low/medium Persistence were associated with orthorexia in the whole sample. The cross-cultural comparison showed several differences among the three subgroups of students.
The associations found between orthorexic attitudes, self-reported current eating disorder, BMI and adherence to a dieting need to be supported by further research. The differences among students from the three countries seem to suggest a possible rolve for cultural elements in the construct of orthorexia.
过去五年，有关饮食强迫症态度和行为的研究有所增加，但仍主要基于描述性和轶事数据，导致各种流行数据和结果不一致。社会文化背景与饮食强迫症之间的相互作用研究甚少，仍远未被理解。
这是一项涉及意大利（N=216）、波兰（N=206）和西班牙（N=242）大学生的多中心、横断面研究，通过包括知情同意、社会人口统计学和病史数据表以及自我管理问卷（ORTO-15、饮食态度测试-26[EAT-26]、气质与性格量表[TCI]）进行评估。
在波兰发现了更高的饮食强迫症患病率（如 ORTO-15 截止值所描述）。女性性别、体重指数（BMI）、当前饮食障碍、节食、EAT-26 评分≥20 和低/中坚持力与整个样本中的饮食强迫症有关。跨文化比较显示，三组学生之间存在一些差异。
需要进一步研究来支持饮食强迫症态度、自我报告的当前饮食障碍、BMI 和节食之间的关联。来自三个国家的学生之间的差异似乎表明文化因素可能在饮食强迫症的构建中发挥作用。
