Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
Neuroscience Interdisciplinary Program, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
Chem Senses. 2019 Oct 17;44(8):639-648. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjz047.
Olfactory sensory deprivation induces anosmia and reduces tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine levels in the olfactory bulb. The behavioral consequences specific to the loss of olfactory bulb dopamine are difficult to determine because sensory deprivation protocols are either confounded by side effects or leave the animal anosmic. A new method to both induce sensory deprivation and to measure the behavioral and circuit consequences is needed. We developed a novel, recoverable anosmia protocol using nasal lavage with a dilute detergent solution. Detergent treatment did not damage the olfactory epithelium as measured by scanning electron microscopy, alcian blue histology, and acetylated tubulin immunohistochemistry. One treatment-induced anosmia that lasted 24 to 48 h. Three treatments over 5 days reduced olfactory bulb tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine levels indicating that anosmia persists between treatments. Importantly, even with multiple treatments, olfactory ability recovered within 48 h. This is the first report of a sensory deprivation protocol that induces recoverable anosmia and can be paired with biochemical, histological, and behavioral investigations of olfaction.
嗅觉感觉剥夺会导致嗅觉丧失,并降低嗅球中的酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴胺水平。由于嗅觉感觉剥夺方案受到副作用的影响或使动物嗅觉丧失,因此很难确定与嗅球多巴胺丧失相关的特定行为后果。需要一种新的方法来同时诱导嗅觉感觉剥夺并测量行为和回路后果。我们使用稀洗涤剂溶液进行鼻腔灌洗开发了一种新颖的、可恢复的嗅觉丧失方案。通过扫描电子显微镜、阿利新蓝组织学和乙酰化微管蛋白免疫组织化学检测,发现洗涤剂处理不会损害嗅觉上皮。一次处理引起的嗅觉丧失持续 24 至 48 小时。5 天内进行三次处理会降低嗅球中的酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴胺水平,表明在处理之间嗅觉丧失持续存在。重要的是,即使进行多次处理,嗅觉能力也会在 48 小时内恢复。这是第一个报告可诱导可恢复嗅觉丧失的感觉剥夺方案的报告,并且可以与嗅觉的生化、组织学和行为研究相结合。