Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paolo, Brazil.
Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Cephalalgia. 2019 Nov;39(13):1700-1709. doi: 10.1177/0333102419868187. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
The pineal gland plays an important role in biological rhythms, circadian and circannual variations, which are key aspects in several headache disorders.
Melatonin, the main pineal secreting hormone, has been extensively studied in primary and secondary headache disorders. Altered melatonin secretion occurs in many headache syndromes. Experimental data show pineal gland and melatonin both interfere in headache animal models, decreasing trigeminal activation. Melatonin has been shown to regulate CGRP and control its release.
Melatonin has been used successfully as a treatment for migraine, cluster headaches and other headaches. There is a rationale for including the pineal gland as a relevant brain structure in the mechanisms of headache pathophysiology, and melatonin as a treatment option in primary headache.
松果腺在生物节律、昼夜和年际变化中发挥重要作用，这些是几种头痛疾病的关键方面。
褪黑素是松果腺分泌的主要激素，在原发性和继发性头痛疾病中得到了广泛研究。许多头痛综合征中褪黑素的分泌发生改变。实验数据表明，松果腺和褪黑素均可干预头痛动物模型，减少三叉神经激活。褪黑素已被证明可调节 CGRP 并控制其释放。
褪黑素已成功用于治疗偏头痛、丛集性头痛和其他头痛。将松果腺作为头痛发病机制相关脑结构，以及将褪黑素作为原发性头痛的治疗选择，其具有一定的理论依据。
