Malignant hyperthermia in a 4-year-old girl during anesthesia induction with sevoflurane and succinylcholine for congenital ptosis surgery.

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare pharmacogenic disorder of skeletal muscle calcium regulation, resulting from general anesthesia that can be fatal. Most cases are caused by administration of volatile anesthetics or depolarizing muscle relaxants. It has been generally reported that both of sevoflurane and succinylcholine can induce the delayed onset of MH. Here, we report a case of malignant hyperthermia in a four-year-old girl during anesthesia induction for unilateral congenital ptosis surgery, two minutes after sevoflurane and succinylcholine administration. The crisis was atypical but early recognized and managed by administration of dantrolene with symptomatic treatment.