1Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
2Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019 Aug;28(8):1031-1036. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2019.7943.
Recent public health emergencies have highlighted the unique vulnerabilities of pregnant women and infants to emerging health threats and the critical role of public health surveillance. Surveillance systems can collect critical data to measure the impact of a disease or disaster and can be used to inform clinical guidance and prevention strategies. These systems can also be tailored to collect data on vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and their infants. Novel surveillance systems to assess risks and outcomes of pregnant women and infants have been established during public health emergencies but typically cease data collection once the public health response has ended, limiting our ability to collect data to understand longer-term outcomes. State-based birth defects surveillance systems are not available in all states, and no national surveillance system linking pregnancy exposure data to longitudinal outcomes for infants and children exists. In this report, we describe ongoing surveillance efforts to monitor congenital syphilis, Zika virus infection during pregnancy, and neonatal abstinence syndrome. We describe the need and rationale for an ongoing integrated surveillance system to monitor pregnant women and their infants and to detect emerging threats. We also discuss how data collected through this type of system can better position federal, state, and local health departments to more rapidly and comprehensively respond to the next public health emergency.
最近的公共卫生突发事件凸显了孕妇和婴儿对新出现的健康威胁的独特脆弱性，以及公共卫生监测的关键作用。监测系统可以收集关键数据来衡量疾病或灾害的影响，并可用于为临床指导和预防策略提供信息。这些系统还可以针对孕妇和婴儿等弱势群体收集数据。在公共卫生突发事件期间，已经建立了评估孕妇和婴儿风险和结果的新型监测系统，但通常在公共卫生应对结束后停止数据收集，这限制了我们收集数据以了解更长期结果的能力。并非所有州都设有州级出生缺陷监测系统，也没有将妊娠暴露数据与婴儿和儿童纵向结果联系起来的全国性监测系统。在本报告中，我们描述了正在进行的监测工作，以监测先天性梅毒、妊娠期间寨卡病毒感染和新生儿戒断综合征。我们描述了建立一个持续的综合监测系统来监测孕妇及其婴儿并发现新出现的威胁的必要性和基本原理。我们还讨论了通过这种类型的系统收集的数据如何使联邦、州和地方卫生部门更好地更迅速和全面地应对下一次公共卫生突发事件。
