Bandy A, Qarmush M M, Alrwilly A R, Albadi A A, Alshammari A T, Aldawasri M M
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine, SK. Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Aug;22(8):1140-1146. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_507_18.
Hypertension among adolescents is an emerging public health problem. The current study aims to estimate the burden of hypertension and identify its risk factors among male adolescents of intermediate and secondary schools.
This is a school-based cross-sectional study that targeted 400 male adolescents in the age group of 15-17 years. Blood pressure was defined as per the "Fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents". An electronic device approved for use by the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010, (Omron M3W; HEM-7202-E) was used for measuring blood pressure. CDC's body mass index tool was adopted for defining overweight and obesity. Descriptive analysis for hypertension and the risk factors were carried out. Chi-square test and odds ratios were calculated to assess any association between categorical variables.
Overall 36 (9.0%) adolescents had prehypertension and 69 (17.2%) had hypertension. Systolic prehypertension, systolic hypertension, diastolic prehypertension, and diastolic hypertension were present in 6.5%, 17.2%, 5.8%, and 9.0% of the adolescents, respectively. Bivariate analysis revealed that overweight and obesity, no physical activity, or once-a-week physical activity, positive family history of hypertension, and smoking were predictors of systolic prehypertension and showed a significant relationship with systolic hypertension.
There is a considerable prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension, among school-going male adolescents. We recommend school-based health education programs and routine screening directed toward the risk factors of noncommunicable diseases like hypertension with special attention to obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking.
青少年高血压是一个新出现的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在估计高血压负担，并确定初中和高中男青少年中的高血压危险因素。
这是一项基于学校的横断面研究，目标是15 - 17岁年龄组的400名男青少年。血压按照“儿童和青少年高血压诊断、评估和治疗第四次报告”进行定义。使用经欧洲高血压学会2010年国际协议修订版批准使用的电子设备（欧姆龙M3W；HEM - 7202 - E）测量血压。采用美国疾病控制与预防中心的身体质量指数工具定义超重和肥胖。对高血压及其危险因素进行描述性分析。计算卡方检验和比值比以评估分类变量之间的任何关联。
总体上，36名（9.0%）青少年有高血压前期，69名（17.2%）有高血压。收缩期高血压前期、收缩期高血压、舒张期高血压前期和舒张期高血压在青少年中的比例分别为6.5%、17.2%、5.8%和9.0%。二元分析显示，超重和肥胖、无体育活动或每周一次体育活动、高血压家族史阳性以及吸烟是收缩期高血压前期的预测因素，并且与收缩期高血压有显著关系。
在上学的男青少年中，高血压前期和高血压的患病率相当高。我们建议开展以学校为基础的健康教育项目以及针对高血压等非传染性疾病危险因素的常规筛查，特别关注肥胖、缺乏体育活动和吸烟。
