Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 10;695:133596. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133596. Epub 2019 Jul 29.
Trace metal contamination prevails in various compartments of the urban environment. Understanding the roles of various anthropogenic sources in urban trace metal contamination is critical for pollution control and city development. In this study, the source contribution from various contamination sources to trace metal contamination (e.g., Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Cr and Ni) in different environmental compartments in a typical megacity, Guangzhou, southern China, was investigated using the receptor model (Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression, APCS-MLR) coupled with the Kriging technique. Lead isotopic data and APCS-MLR analysis identified industrial and traffic emissions as the major sources of trace metals in surface soil, road dust, and foliar dust in Guangzhou. Lead isotopic compositions of road dust and foliar dust exhibited similar ranges, implying their similar sources and potential metal exchange between them. Re-suspended soil contributed to 0-38% and 25-58% of the trace metals in the road dust and foliar dust, respectively, indicating the transport of the different terrestrial dust. Spatial distribution patterns implied that Cu in the road dust was a good indicator of traffic contamination, particularly with traffic volume and vehicle speed. Lead and Zn in foliar dust indicated mainly industrial contamination, which decreased from the emission source (e.g., a power plant and steel factory) to the surrounding environment. The spatial influence of industry and traffic on the contamination status of road dust/foliar dust was successfully separated from that of other anthropogenic sources. This study demonstrated that anthropogenic inputs of trace metals in various environmental compartments (e.g., urban soil, road dust, and foliar dust) can be evaluated using a combined APCS-MLR receptor model and geostatistical analysis at a megacity scale. The coupled use of APCS-MLR analysis, geostatistics, and Pb isotopes successfully deciphered the spatial influence of the contamination sources in the urban environment matrix, providing some important information for further land remediation and health risk assessment.
痕量金属污染普遍存在于城市环境的各个部分。了解各种人为污染源在城市痕量金属污染中的作用对于污染控制和城市发展至关重要。在本研究中，采用受体模型（绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归，APCS-MLR）结合克里金技术，研究了中国南方典型特大城市广州不同环境介质（如 Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Cr 和 Ni）中痕量金属的各种污染源的源贡献。铅同位素数据和 APCS-MLR 分析表明，工业和交通排放是广州表层土壤、道路灰尘和叶片灰尘中痕量金属的主要来源。道路灰尘和叶片灰尘的铅同位素组成具有相似的范围，表明它们具有相似的来源和潜在的金属交换。再悬浮土壤分别贡献了道路灰尘和叶片灰尘中痕量金属的 0-38%和 25-58%，表明不同陆地灰尘的传输。空间分布模式表明，道路灰尘中的 Cu 是交通污染的良好指标，特别是与交通量和车速有关。叶片灰尘中的 Pb 和 Zn 主要指示工业污染，从排放源（如发电厂和钢铁厂）到周围环境逐渐减少。成功地将工业和交通对道路灰尘/叶片灰尘污染状况的空间影响与其他人为污染源的影响区分开来。本研究表明，可采用 APCS-MLR 受体模型和地统计学分析相结合的方法，评估不同环境介质（如城市土壤、道路灰尘和叶片灰尘）中痕量金属的人为输入。APCS-MLR 分析、地统计学和 Pb 同位素的结合使用成功地揭示了城市环境矩阵中污染源的空间影响，为进一步的土地修复和健康风险评估提供了一些重要信息。
