Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Equine Vet J. 2020 Mar;52(2):320-325. doi: 10.1111/evj.13169. Epub 2019 Sep 23.
Throughout the ages, human subjects have selected horse breeds for their locomotor capacities. Concurrently, tissue properties may have diversified because of specific requirements of different disciplines.
The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of tendons with different functions between equine breeds traditionally selected for racing or sport.
This study used ex vivo tendons and compared the mechanical properties of the common digital extensor tendon (CDET) and superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) between racehorses (Thoroughbred [TB]) and sports horses (Friesian Horse [FH], Warmblood [WB]).
The SDFT and CDET of FH (n = 12), WBs (n = 12) and TBs (n = 8) aged 3-12 years were harvested. The cross sectional area (cm ), maximal load (N), ultimate strain (%), ultimate stress (MPa) and elastic modulus (MPa) were determined and tested for significant differences between the breeds (P<0.05).
The SDFT from WB horses had a significantly lower elastic modulus than TB horses and failed at a higher strain and load than both FHs and TBs. The mechanical properties of the CDET did not differ between breeds. In agreement with previous studies, the CDET failed at a higher stress and had a higher elastic modulus than the SDFT and, for the WB group of horses only, failed at a significantly lower strain. Interestingly, the mode of failure differed between breeds, particularly with respect to the FHs.
The exercise history of horses used in this study was unknown and the age-range was relatively large; both these factors may have influenced the absolute properties reported in this study.
This study shows for the first time that mechanical properties of the SDFT differ between breeds. These properties are likely to be related to selection for high-speed vs. an extravagant elastic gait and may be an important indicator of performance ability. The Summary is available in Spanish - see Supporting Information.
从古至今，人类一直在根据运动能力来选择马的品种。与此同时，由于不同学科的特殊要求，组织特性可能也发生了多样化。
本研究的目的是比较传统上用于赛马或运动的马种之间具有不同功能的肌腱的生物力学特性。
本研究使用了离体肌腱，并比较了纯种马（TB）和运动马（弗里斯兰马[FH]、温血马[WB]）的普通指总伸肌腱（CDET）和指浅屈肌腱（SDFT）的机械性能。
采集了 3-12 岁的 FH（n=12）、WB（n=12）和 TB（n=8）的 SDFT 和 CDET。对各品种肌腱的横截面积（cm）、最大负荷（N）、极限应变（%）、极限应力（MPa）和弹性模量（MPa）进行了测定，并对各品种间的差异进行了显著性检验（P<0.05）。
WB 马的 SDFT 弹性模量明显低于 TB 马，在应变和负荷方面，其断裂强度高于 FH 和 TB 马。各品种间 CDET 的机械性能无差异。与之前的研究一致，CDET 的应力更高，弹性模量也更高，而对于 WB 马，其应变明显更低，且断裂。有趣的是，各品种的断裂模式不同，特别是 FH 马。
本研究中使用的马的运动史未知，年龄范围相对较大；这两个因素都可能影响本研究中报告的绝对特性。
本研究首次表明，SDFT 的机械特性在品种间存在差异。这些特性可能与选择高速与华丽的弹性步态有关，可能是性能能力的一个重要指标。总结提供西班牙语版本 - 见补充资料。
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