Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujita Health University, Japan.
Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujita Health University, Japan.
J Diabetes Complications. 2019 Nov;33(11):107415. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107415. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a low-carbohydrate staple food (i.e., low-carbohydrate bread) on glucose and lipid metabolism and pancreatic and enteroendocrine hormone secretion in comparison with meals containing normal-carbohydrate bread, without consideration of the carbohydrate content of the side dishes.
T2DM patients (n = 41) were provided meals containing low-carbohydrate bread (LB) together with side dishes or normal-carbohydrate bread (NB) together with side dishes every other day as a breakfast. Blood glucose levels were evaluated by using a continuous glucose monitoring system; blood samples were collected before and 1 and 2 h after the breakfast.
Postprandial blood glucose levels, plasma insulin, plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and plasma triglyceride were significantly lower and plasma glucagon levels were significantly higher in LB compared with those in NB. Plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels did not differ in the LB and NB groups.
These results indicate that changing only the carbohydrate content of the staple food has benefits on glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM patients concomitant with the decrease of insulin and GIP secretion, which ameliorate body weight gain and insulin resistance.
本研究旨在探讨低碳水主食（即低碳水面包）对葡萄糖和脂质代谢以及胰腺和肠内分泌激素分泌的影响，并与含有正常碳水化合物面包的膳食进行比较，而不考虑配菜的碳水化合物含量。
将 T2DM 患者（n=41）分为两组，分别在早餐时食用含有低碳水面包（LB）和配菜或正常碳水化合物面包（NB）和配菜。使用连续血糖监测系统评估血糖水平；在早餐前和早餐后 1 小时和 2 小时采集血样。
与 NB 相比，LB 组餐后血糖、血浆胰岛素、葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放肽（GIP）和血浆甘油三酯水平显著降低，血浆胰高血糖素水平显著升高。LB 和 NB 组的胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）水平无差异。
这些结果表明，仅改变主食的碳水化合物含量对 T2DM 患者的葡萄糖和脂质代谢有益，同时降低胰岛素和 GIP 分泌，改善体重增加和胰岛素抵抗。
