Laboratorio de Ictioparasitología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Parasitol Res. 2019 Oct;118(10):2831-2841. doi: 10.1007/s00436-019-06440-5. Epub 2019 Aug 31.
Corynosoma australe and C. cetaceum are the most frequently reported acanthocephalans in fish from the Argentine Sea, particularly in central and northern areas. Their definitive hosts are otariids and odontocete cetaceans, respectively. The low specificity of these larvae, in combination with high infective capability and long survival periods in fish, make them potentially good biological markers for stocks and other biological features of their fish hosts. In order to determine the distribution patterns of these species and their determining factors, a large dataset composed by newly collected fish samples, published and unpublished data from previous studies by the authors in the region were analysed in relation to host and environmental variables. The complete dataset comprised a total of 5084 fish, belonging to 29 species distributed in 21 families and 9 orders. Host size and trophic habits arose as the main determinants of abundance for both species of Corynosoma, showing higher abundances on larger fish and on higher trophic levels, as it is usual for trophically transmitted parasites. Biogeographic province and depth (indirectly representing the temperature of water) were the main drivers of the spatial distribution, displaying a latitudinal pattern associated to the temperature clines created by the interaction of Malvinas and Brazil currents, determining a decrease in abundance southwards and towards the deeper areas. No patterns were found regarding the distribution of definitive hosts. The knowledge of these distribution patterns of Corynosoma spp. in fish at regional scale, as well as of their causes, provides useful information to design management and conservation policies thus contributing to maintain the full and sustainable productivity of fisheries.
澳大利亚棘头虫和 C. cetaceum 是阿根廷海域鱼类中最常报道的棘头虫，特别是在中部和北部地区。它们的终末宿主分别是海豹科和齿鲸目齿鲸科动物。这些幼虫特异性低，再加上在鱼类中有很强的感染能力和较长的存活期，使它们成为鱼类种群和其他生物学特征的潜在良好生物标志物。为了确定这些物种的分布模式及其决定因素，分析了由新收集的鱼类样本、作者之前在该地区发表和未发表的研究数据以及来自其他来源的大量数据集，这些数据与宿主和环境变量有关。完整数据集共包括 5084 条鱼，属于 29 个物种，分布在 21 个科和 9 个目。宿主大小和营养习性是两种棘头虫丰度的主要决定因素，在较大的鱼类和较高的营养水平上丰度更高，这是营养传播寄生虫的常见现象。生物地理省和水深（间接代表水的温度）是空间分布的主要驱动因素，表现出与麦哲伦海流和巴西海流相互作用产生的温度梯度相关的纬度模式，这决定了丰度向南和向较深的区域减少。在终末宿主的分布模式方面没有发现任何规律。了解这些在区域尺度上的棘头虫属鱼类的分布模式及其原因，为制定管理和保护政策提供了有用的信息，从而有助于维持渔业的充分和可持续生产力。
