Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany.
Allergy. 2020 Feb;75(2):423-432. doi: 10.1111/all.14037. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
Urticaria is a frequent skin condition, but reliable prevalence estimates from population studies particularly of the chronic form are scarce. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate and summarize the prevalence of chronic urticaria by evaluating population-based studies worldwide.
We performed a systematic search in PUBMED and EMBASE for population-based studies of cross-sectional or cohort design and studies based on health insurance/system databases. Risk of bias was assessed using a specific tool for prevalence studies. For meta-analysis, we used a random effects model.
Eighteen studies were included in the systematic evaluation and 11 in the meta-analysis including data from over 86 000 000 participants. Risk of bias was mainly moderate, whereas the statistical heterogeneity (I ) between the studies was high. Asian studies combined showed a higher point prevalence of chronic urticaria (1.4%, 95%-CI 0.5-2.9) than those from Europe (0.5%, 0.2-1.0) and Northern American (0.1%, 0.1-0.1). Women were slightly more affected than men, whereas in children < 15 years we did not find a sex-specific difference in the prevalence. The four studies that examined time trends indicated an increasing prevalence of chronic urticaria over time.
On a global level, the prevalence of chronic urticaria showed considerable regional differences. There is a need to obtain more sex-specific population-based and standardized international data particularly for children and adolescents, different chronic urticaria subtypes and potential risk and protective factors.
荨麻疹是一种常见的皮肤疾病，但可靠的人群研究患病率估计，尤其是慢性荨麻疹的患病率估计，仍十分匮乏。本研究旨在通过评估全球人群研究，系统评估和总结慢性荨麻疹的患病率。
我们在 PUBMED 和 EMBASE 中进行了系统检索，纳入了横断面或队列设计的人群研究以及基于健康保险/系统数据库的研究。使用专门的患病率研究工具评估偏倚风险。对于荟萃分析，我们使用随机效应模型。
系统评价纳入了 18 项研究，荟萃分析纳入了 11 项研究，共纳入了超过 8600 万参与者的数据。偏倚风险主要为中度，而研究间的统计学异质性（I ）较高。亚洲研究的慢性荨麻疹点患病率（1.4%，95%CI 0.5-2.9）高于欧洲（0.5%，0.2-1.0）和北美（0.1%，0.1-0.1）。女性略多于男性，而在<15 岁的儿童中，我们未发现患病率存在性别差异。四项研究表明，慢性荨麻疹的患病率随时间呈上升趋势。
在全球范围内，慢性荨麻疹的患病率存在明显的地域差异。需要获得更多特定性别、基于人群的、标准化的国际数据，特别是儿童和青少年、不同慢性荨麻疹亚型以及潜在的风险和保护因素的数据。
