Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct;12(10):921-930. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2019.1670058. Epub 2019 Sep 29.
: In each section of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract we may find bacteria that are adapted to local conditions and fulfill an important role in the proper functioning of the body. The gut microorganisms are crucial in human physiology in areas as diverse as the brain and the immune system functions. Therefore, there is a close relationship between the intestinal microbiota, its metabolic activity, and health of the host. : In this review, we explore the host-microbiome interactions and characterize the role they may play in drug metabolism and toxicity. The study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. : Increasing unhealthy eating habits, stress, antibiotic therapy, unfavorable environmental factors, and genetic predisposition contribute to imbalances in the composition and function of the GI tract microbes and the initiation and progression of disease processes. Restoration of the balanced gut microbiota composition is possible by oral administration of probiotics.
在人体胃肠道（GI）的各个部分，我们都可能发现适应局部条件并在人体正常功能中发挥重要作用的细菌。肠道微生物在大脑和免疫系统功能等各个领域对人体生理学都至关重要。因此，肠道微生物群、其代谢活性和宿主健康之间存在密切关系。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了宿主-微生物群的相互作用，并描述了它们在药物代谢和毒性中可能发挥的作用。这项研究基于使用 PubMed 和 ScienceDirect 数据库中的相关关键字进行选择性搜索检索到的相关论文。不健康的饮食习惯、压力、抗生素治疗、不利的环境因素和遗传易感性的增加，导致胃肠道微生物的组成和功能失衡，并引发和进展疾病过程。通过口服益生菌可以使肠道微生物群落的平衡组成得到恢复。
